Table 3 Components of building and sustaining community resilience

Assess community vulnerability and risks.

• Risk and vulnerability assessments

• Hazard maps

Identify hazards and prioritize community needs

[2, 50]

Engage and mobilize community members.

• Number of community meetings

• Community member involvement

Build trust and foster participation

[4, 24, 29]

Develop a community resilience plan.

• Resilience plan and goals

• Key performance indicators

Create a roadmap for resilience-building

[4, 23, 41]

Implement resilience-building initiatives.

• Number of initiatives

• Progress towards goals

Address prioritized needs and vulnerabilities

[8, 47, 56]

Monitor, evaluate, and revise plans.

• Monitoring and evaluation reports

• Integration of lessons learned

Continuously improve and adapt strategies

[39, 48]

Build partnerships and networks.

• Number of partnerships

• Diversity of partner organizations

Enhance collaboration and resource sharing

[24, 48, 53]

Strengthen local governance and leadership.

• Capacity-building programs

• Community leader effectiveness

Enhance community-led decision-making

[5, 58]

Foster local knowledge and learning.

• Training and education programs

• Knowledge exchange platforms

Integrate local knowledge and expertise

[12, 52]

Enhance preparedness and response capacity.

• Emergency drills and simulations

• Allocation of resources for preparedness and response

Build community ability to respond effectively

[15, 28]

Develop adaptive infrastructure and resources.

• Climate-resilient infrastructure

• Investment in sustainable resources

Ensure community infrastructure is adaptive and sustainable

[15, 57, 68]