Table 2 Characteristics of selected studies
From: Barriers to cervical cancer screening faced by immigrant Muslim women: a systematic scoping review
NO | Reference No | Author | Year | Study Type | Data Source | Location | Size | Age | Sample |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | [12] | Salman | 2012 | Quantitative | Survey questionnaire | US | 50 | 18–50 +  | Arab women |
2 | [8] | Wong et al | 2013 | Quantitative | Questionnaire | Selangor, Malaysia | 231 | 25–53 | Malay, Chinese, Indian |
3 | [13] | Padela et al | 2014 | Quantitative | Survey questionnaire | Chicago | 254 | 21–65 | Arab/Arab American, African American/Black, South Asian |
4 | [14] | Khan & Woolhead | 2015 | Qualitative | In-depth interviews | Dubai | 13 |  ≥ 18 | Emirati women, South Asian |
5 | [15] | Marlow et al | 2015 | Qualitative | Interview | London | 54 | 25–64 | Indian, Pakistani, Bangladeshi, Caribbean, African, White British |
6 | [3] | Vahabi & Lofters | 2016 | Qualitative | Focus group interview | Canada | 30 | 21–69 | West Asian, South Asian |
7 | [16] | Zorogastua et al | 2017 | Qualitative and quantitative | Focus groups and individual questionnaires | New York City | 140 | 18–70 | Gambia, Guinea, Ivory, Mali, Morocco, Senegal, United States, other African countries |
8 | [7] | Lofters et al | 2017 | Quantitative | Database survey | Ontario, Canada | 761,019 | 21–69 | East Asia, Eastern Europe & Central Asia, Middle East & North Africa, South Asia, Sub-Saharan Africa |
9 | [6] | Gele et al | 2017 | Qualitative | Focus group discussion | Urdu, Somali, Oslo | 35 | 25–70 | Pakistani, Somali |
10 | [17] | Islam et al | 2017 | Quantitative | In-person interview | New York City | 12 | N/A | 9 females, 3 males. African/African American, South Asian |
11 | [18] | Pratt et al | 2017 | Qualitative | Focus group discussion | USA | 54 | 18–60 +  | Somali American |
12 | [19] | Tatari et al | 2020 | Qualitative | semi-structured focus group, group interviews, individual interviews | Gellerup, Aarhus, Denmark | 37 | 27–59 | Turkey, Iraq, Somalia, Lebanon, Syria, Saudi Arabia, Uzbekistan, Morocco, Pakistan, Vietnam |
13 | [20] | Jong et al | 2021 | Qualitative | Group intervention and evaluation | Scotland | 18 | 25–65 +  | Arab, Asian |
14 | [9] | Badre-Esfahani | 2021 | Qualitative | Focus group interview | Denmark | 17 |  < 23–40 +  | Turkish, Somali, Lebanon/Palestine, Iraqi, Morocco, Tunisia |
15 | [2] | Azhar et al | 2022 | Quantitative | Survey questionnaire | New York City | 421 | 40–75 | South Asian, Middle Eastern, Southeast Asian, African |
16 | [21] | Alam et al | 2022 | Quantitative | Internet-based survey | Queensland, Australia | 148 | 20–75 | Indian, Pakistani, Sri Lankan |
17 | [22] | Harper et al | 2022 | Quantitative | Survey questionnaire | Michigan, USA | 893 | 30–65 | Arab American |
18 | [23] | Khalid et al | 2022 | Qualitative | Interview | Calgary, Canada | 8 | 26–55 | South Asian |
19 | [24] | Alam et al | 2022 | Quantitative | Internet-based survey | Queensland, Australia | 148 | 20–75 | Indian, Pakistani, Sri Lankan, Other (Nepalese, Bengali, Indo-Fijian) |