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Table 5 Results from the multilevel regression analyses conducted with eight motive items as dependent variables (N = 385,631)

From: Motives for leisure-time physical activity participation: an analysis of their prevalence, consistency and associations with activity type and social background

 

Mastery

Physical condition

Affiliation

Psychological condition

Appearance

Others' expectations

Enjoyment

Competition/ego

Activity type

Running (ref.)

 Walking and hiking

-1.72***

-1.51***

1.30***

-0.87***

-1.10***

0.13***

0.62***

-1.42***

 Biking

-1.71***

-1.65***

0.54***

-1.16***

-1.14***

0.03*

0.40***

-1.05***

 Fitness

-0.30***

-0.04*

0.65***

 < 0.01

0.29***

0.31***

-0.09***

-0.46***

 Mental/flexibility/stability training

-0.01

-0.73***

0.20***

0.13***

-1.33***

-0.04*

0.56***

-1.55***

 Team ballgames

-0.30***

-1.35***

3.55***

-0.73***

-1.30***

1.53***

1.75***

0.89***

 Other ballgames

-0.02

-1.76***

3.45***

-0.85***

-1.59***

1.35***

1.73***

1.39***

 Gymnastics

-0.81***

-1.09***

1.88***

-0.66***

-0.69***

0.63***

0.38***

-0.92***

 Dance

-0.36***

-1.95***

2.39***

-0.87***

-1.15***

0.78***

1.41***

-1.00***

 Activities in water

-1.18***

-1.47***

1.48***

-0.60***

-1.08***

0.60***

0.98***

-0.96***

 Activities on water

-0.13***

-2.44***

2.60***

-0.76***

-1.87***

1.07***

1.76***

-0.31***

 Outdoor activities

-1.41***

-3.01***

2.16***

-1.24***

-2.31***

0.88***

1.13***

-1.18***

 Street sports

-0.58***

-2.38***

1.79***

-1.63***

-1.76***

0.88***

0.95***

-0.57***

Social background

 Gender: woman

0.19***

0.60***

0.13***

0.89***

0.86***

0.01

0.51***

-0.46***

Age: 15–24 (ref.)

 Age: 25–39

0.04*

0.40***

-0.06**

0.57***

0.29***

-0.34***

0.33***

-0.09***

 Age: 40–59

-0.15***

0.80***

-0.28***

1.00***

-0.08**

-1.05***

0.62***

-0.43***

 Age: 60 + 

0.21***

1.26***

-0.32***

1.13***

-0.76***

-1.20***

0.65***

-0.35***

Education: primary (ref.)

 Education: secondary

-0.12***

0.20***

-0.07***

0.20***

0.08***

-0.18***

0.14***

-0.14***

 Education: tertiary

-0.50***

0.22***

-0.12***

0.15***

-0.09***

-0.33***

0.18***

-0.55***

Model characteristics

 Intercept variance (empty model)

1,63***

1,67***

1,74***

2,27***

5,07***

4,09***

1,69***

3,24***

 Intercept variance (full model)

1.93***

1.71***

2.04***

2.15***

5.28***

4.07***

1.78***

3.37***

 ICC (empty model)

0.33

0.34

0.35

0.41

0.61

0.55

0.34

0.50

ICC (full model)

0.37

0.34

0.38

0.40

0.62

0.55

0.35

0.51

  1. Note: *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01; ***P < 0.001. Non-standardised regression coefficients are presented
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BMC Public Health

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