Table 3 Individual and community-level factors associated with iodization of household salt among households in east Africa (unweighted n = 154,589, and weighted = 154,980)

Household head age

> 20

1

1

20–35

1.20(1.33,1.75)

1.20(1.12,1.28) *

36–45

1.16(1.31,1.73)

1.16(1.09,1.24) *

> 45

1.19(1.34,1.77)

1.18(1.11,1.25) *

Educational status

No formal education

1

1

Primary

1.01(0.96,1.04)

1.01(0.96,1.04)

Secondary and higher

1.19(1.13,1.26)

1.23(1.17,1.30) *

Household wealth index

Poorest

1.26(1.18,1.35)

0.85(0.89,1.04)

Poorer

1.07(1.01,1.14)

0.89(0.76,0.89) *

Middle

1.08(1.03,1.16)

0.97(0.81,0.93) *

Richer

1.11(1.04,1.17)

1.01(0.94,1.09)

Richest

1

1

Mass media exposure

No

1

1

Yes

1.10(1.06,1.15)

1.10(1.07,1.14) *

Sex of the household head

Male

1

1

Female

1.06(1.02,1.10)

1.08(1.04,1.12) *

Source of drinking water

Unimproved

1

1

Improved

2.19(2.11,2.26)

2.26(2.18,2.35) *

Toilet facility type

Unimproved

1

1

Improved

1.49(1.43,1.54)

1.50(1.44,1.56) *

Household member

1–5

1

1

> 5

0.97(0.94,1.01)

0.96(0.93,0.99) *

Types of residence

Urban

1

1

Rural

0.88(0.85,0.92)

0.92(0.90,1.01)

Community-level wealth

Low

1

1

High

1.44(1.18,1.76)

1.54(1.27,1.87) *

Community illiteracy

Low

1

1

High

0.36(0.29,0.44)

0.40(0.33,0.49) *

Random parameters and model comparison

Community-level variance

2.19

1.98

2.03

1.94

ICC (%)

40.00

37.59

38.17

37.30

MOR (%)

4.08

3.81

3.87

3.76

PCV

Reference

9.59

7.31

11.42

Log-likelihood (LLR)

-53603.4

-51985.8

-53524.5

-51797.4

DIC (-2LLR)

107,206.8

103,971.6

107,049.0

103,594.8

AIC

107210.7

104003.7

107059.1

103638.8