A mobile healthy lifestyle intervention to promote mental health in adolescence: a mixed-methods evaluation

BMC Public Health

Table 4 Intervention effects, separate for subgroups in case of significant moderation^a

Outcome	Subgroup^b	β [95% CI]	t test (df)	P	n
HRQoL T1 vs. T0	In-school	0.55[-1.22; 2.32]	0.61 (419)	0.54	155
	Remote	-3.09[-5.35; -0.82]	-2.67 (232)	0.007	87
HRQoL T2 vs. T0	In-school	0.87[-0.88; 2.63]	0.97 (419)	0.33	155
	Remote	-4.10[-6.28; -1.93]	-3.71 (232)	< 0.001	87
Psych. well-being	Entire sample	0.28[-1.25; 1.82]	0.36 (460)	0.72	242
Moods	In-school	2.76[0.10; 5.43]	2.03 (290)	0.04	155
	Remote	-3.43[-6.17; -0.69]	-2.46 (161)	0.01	87
Self-Perception	In-school	1.62[-0.15; 3.39]	1.79 (290)	0.07	155
	Remote	-1.58[-4.08; 0.93]	-1.23 (161)	0.22	87
Peer support	In-school	0.25[-1.80; 2.29]	0.24 (291)	0.81	155
	Remote	-5.69[-8.71; -2.68]	-3.70 (161)	< 0.001	87
Resilience	Entire sample	0.07[-0.07; 0.22]	0.98 (460)	0.33	242
Depressed feelings	Entire sample	0.58[-1.11; 2.26]	0.67 (459)	0.50	242
PA (ENMO)	Normal	19.11 [1.17; 37.06]	2.09 (100)	0.04	61
	Restricted	3.33 [-3.07; 9.73]	1.02 (279)	0.31	169
SB (min/day)	Normal	-157.98[-279.98; -35.99]	-2.54 (62.43^c)	0.01	61
	Restricted	19.11 [-27.30; 65.53]	0.81 (136.88^c)	0.42	169
Sleep routine	Entire sample	13.12 [-10.28; 36.53]	1.10 (168.33^c)	0.27	210
Sleep quality	Entire sample	0.24 [0.05; 0.43]	2.47 (459)	0.01	242
Breakfast freq	Entire sample	-0.23 [-0.74; 0.28]	-0.87 (229.5^c)	0.39	242

Abbreviations: PA physical activity, ENMO Euclidean norm minus one, SB sedentary behavior
^aMultilevel generalized linear models testing the interaction effect between Time (T2 vs. T0, unless otherwise specified) and Group (control vs. intervention) controlling for age, gender and family affluence.
^bIn case of significant moderation by pandemic-related education measures, effects are presented for the subgroups ‘normal in-school education’ (In-school) or ‘partly remote education’ (Remote). In case of significant moderation by pandemic-related measures for sports, effects are presented for the subgroups ‘normal sports possibilities’ (Normal) or ‘restricted sports possibilities’ (Restricted). In case of no significant moderation, effects are presented for the entire sample.
^cBecause here a Gauss model was fitted, Satterthwaite’s approximation is used for the calculation of the degrees of freedom.

ISSN: 1471-2458