Table 4 Before and after COVID-19 emergence food insecurity/security status variations
Country | Pre-COVID-19 food insecurity | During COVID-19 food insecurity | Indicator |
|---|---|---|---|
Ahmed et al. [30] | 26.93% | 23.59% | AFSSM (Low food security) |
Faridi & Furqan [32] | 4.819 ± 5.3 | 19.775 ± 7.3 | ELCSA (Average food insecurity ± standard deviation) |
Gaitán-Rossi et al. [33] | 31% (2018) | 42% (May 2020) | ELCSA (Mild Food insecurity) |
Giacoman et al. [34] | 30 (2017–2018) | 49 (2020) | FIES (Average food insecurity status) |
Hamadani et al. [35] | 5.6% (2017–2019) | 36.5% (May–June 2020) | HFIAS (Moderate food insecurity) |
Kansiime et al. [16] | 50% Kenya & 43% Uganda | 88% Kenya and 87% Uganda (April 2020) | FIES (% of food insecure households) |
Kharroubi et al. [36] | 27% | 36%—39% | Food insecurity trend analysis (Estimated food insecurity) |
Mialki et al. [31] | 56.1% | 40.4% | AFSSM (Food security status) |
Niles et al. [18] | 21.8% | 30.2% | USDA ERS (Cumulative food insecurity status) |
Pakravan-Charvadeh et al. [25] | 35% food secure | 43% food secure | HDDS and HFIAS (% of food secure households) that indicated the positive impact of COVID-19 on food security |