Table 3 Identifying the compromised food security dimension (dimensions) due to COVID-19
Studies | Food insecurity measure/indicator | Compromised dimension | Identified factors for the compromised dimension |
|---|---|---|---|
Ahmed et al. [30] | AFSSM | Food access | ➢Lack of access to the food support programs during COVID-19 ➢Low economic capacity ➢No food access options during the pandemic |
Faridi & Furqan [32] | ELCSA | Food access, availability & usability | ➢Economic crises due to COVID-19 ➢Closure of restaurants and food shops ➢Interrupted rural food transport |
Gaitán-Rossi et al. [33] | ELCSA | Food access & availability | ➢Health and social anxiety ➢Economic crises due to job lost ➢Lack of physical access |
Giacoman et al. [34] | FIES | Food access | ➢Economic crises due to job lost ➢Declined income |
Hamadani et al. [35] | HFIAS | Food access | ➢Reduction in paid work and income ➢Socio-economic crises |
Kansiime et al. [16] | FIES | Food access & usability | ➢Income shock during COVID-19 ➢Disruption of rural–urban food market chain |
Kharroubi et al. [36] | Food security trend analysis | Food access | ➢Economic crisis due to COVID-19 |
Mialki et al. [31] | AFSSM | Food access | ➢Changes in housing and employment status due to the pandemic |
Niles et al. [18] | USDA ERS | Food access | ➢The high number of family members ➢Job disruption and income reduction |
Pakravan-Charvadeh et al. [25] | HFIAS and HDDS | No compromised dimension | ➢Free food supplement to vulnerable group, extending e-marketing, delivering nutrition advice, and donations to the victims increased dietary diversity and improve food security the during a pandemic |