Table 3 Multivariable linear regression analysis of the association of alcohol intake, sociodemographic, and health related factors with waist circumference (cm) based on Healthy Ireland Survey 2017 data
Variable | Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 3 | Model 4* | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|  | β (95% CI) | p value | β (95% CI) | p value | β (95% CI) | p value | β (95% CI) | p value |
AUDIT-C1 score | ||||||||
 Score < 5 | 0.00 |  | 0.00 |  | 0.00 |  | 0.00 |  |
 Score ≥ 5 | 2.89 (1.25, 4.53) | 0.001 | 1.34 (0.47, 2.20) | 0.002 | 1.93 (0.87, 2.98) | 0.001 | 1.72 (0.25, 3.19) | 0.022 |
Age group (years) | ||||||||
  < 45 | 0.00 |  | 0.00 |  | 0.00 |  | 0.00 |  |
 45 and older | 4.92 (3.2, 6.22) |  < 0.001 | 4.78 (3.92, 5.63) |  < 0.001 | 4.06 (3.04, 5.08) |  < 0.001 | 5.04 (3.92, 6.16) |  < 0.001 |
Sex | ||||||||
 Female | 0.00 |  | 0.00 |  | 0.00 |  | 0.00 |  |
 Male | 8.12 (6.80, 9.44) |  < 0.001 | 8.06 (7.21, 8.92) |  < 0.001 | 8.31 (7.27, 9.36) |  < 0.001 | 8.02 (6.88, 9.16) |  < 0.001 |
Marital status | ||||||||
 Single2 | 0.00 |  | 0.00 |  |  |  |  |  |
 Married3 | 1.28 (0.00, 2.56) | 0.050 | 0.82(-0.01, 1.65) | 0.054 |  |  |  |  |
Educational status | ||||||||
 Low/medium | 0.00 |  | 0.00 |  | 0.00 |  | 0.00 |  |
 High | -1.45(-2.82, -0.08) | 0.039 | -2.39(-3.30, -1.48) |  < 0.001 | -1.70(-2.74, -0.65) | 0.001 | -2.43(-3.57, -1.30) |  < 0.001 |
Urban/rural residency | ||||||||
 Rural | 0.00 |  | 0.00 |  | 0.00 |  | 0.00 |  |
 Urban | -0.56(-1.85, 0.73) | 0.394 | -0.86(-1.68, -0.03) | 0.042 | -1.09(-2.11, -0.08) | 0.035 | -0.32 (1.44, 0.79) | 0.569 |
Employment status | ||||||||
 Unemployed4 | 0.00 |  | 0.00 |  |  |  |  |  |
 Employed | 1.87 (2.91, 0.84) |  < 0.001 | -0.02(-1.93, 1.89) | 0.986 |  |  |  |  |
Full medical card | ||||||||
 No | 0.00 |  | 0.00 |  | 0.00 |  |  |  |
 Yes | 1.94 (0.10, 3.79) | 0.039 | 2.38 (1.40, 3.37) |  < 0.001 | 1.20(-0.15, 2.54) | 0.081 |  |  |
Private HI5 | ||||||||
 No | 0.00 |  | 0.00 |  |  |  |  |  |
 Yes | 0.48(-0.95, 1.90) | 0.512 | 0.02(-0.92, 0.96) | 0.964 |  |  |  |  |
General health | ||||||||
 Good/ very good | 0.00 |  |  |  | 0.00 |  | 0.00 |  |
 Fair/Bad | 2.38(-0.29, 5.06) | 0.081 |  |  | 3.23 (1.17, 5.28) | 0.001 | 2.18 (0.55, 3.81) | 0.009 |
Past medical history | ||||||||
 No | 0.00 |  |  |  | 0.00 |  |  |  |
 Yes | 0.94(-0.72, 2.60) | 0.266 |  |  | 0.66(- 0.62, 1.95) | 0.311 |  |  |
Smoking status | ||||||||
 No | 0.00 |  |  |  | 0.00 |  | 0.00 |  |
 Yes6 | -1.77(-3.24, -0.30) | 0.018 |  |  | -2.16(-3.37, -0.94) | 0.001 | -2.47(-3.73, -1.22) |  < 0.001 |
Active transportation | ||||||||
 No | 0.00 |  |  |  | 0.00 |  |  |  |
 Yes7 | 0.00(-1.74, 1.74) | 0.999 |  |  | -0.75(-2.16, 0.67) | 0.301 |  |  |
Fruit consumption | ||||||||
  < 1 time a day | 0.00 |  |  |  | 0.00 |  | 0.00 |  |
  ≥ 1 time a day | 1.14(-0.14, 2.43) | 0.820 |  |  | 1.68 (0.62, 2.74) | 0.002 | 1.00(-0.12, 2.12) | 0.079 |
Alcohol consumption | ||||||||
  < 3 times a week | 0.00 |  |  |  |  |  | 0.00 |  |
  ≥ 3 times a week | -1.08(-2.63, 0.47) | 0.171 |  |  |  |  | -0.41(-1.69,0.87) | 0.533 |
Binge drinking8 | ||||||||
  < 1 time a week | 0.00 |  |  |  |  |  | 0.00 |  |
  ≥ 1 time per week | 1.18 (-0.21, 2.57) | 0.096 |  |  |  |  | 1.71 (0.50, 2.91) | 0.006 |