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Table 2 Associations of education and health behaviour with health and wellbeing, adjusted for childhood financial circumstances, age and sex

From: The relative importance of education and health behaviour for health and wellbeing

 

EQ-5D-5 L

EQ-VAS

SWLS-3

Variables

Model-1

Model-2

% of

Model-2 R2

Model-1

Model-2

% of

Model-2 R2

Model-1

Model-2

% of

Model-2 R2

Education (ref. Primary)

  

21.4

  

16.1

  

6.6

 Secondary

0.017***

0.013***

 

0.022***

0.015***

 

0.009

0.003

 
 

(0.003)

(0.003)

 

(0.005)

(0.005)

 

(0.006)

(0.006)

 

 Tertiary low

0.028***

0.021***

 

0.038***

0.022***

 

0.010

-0.004

 
 

(0.003)

(0.003)

 

(0.005)

(0.005)

 

(0.006)

(0.006)

 

 Tertiary high

0.042***

0.030***

 

0.062***

0.037***

 

0.035***

0.013**

 
 

(0.003)

(0.003)

 

(0.004)

(0.004)

 

(0.006)

(0.006)

 

Health behaviour (HB) (ref. Unhealthy)

 

39.5

  

70.3

  

54.9

 Semi-unhealthy

 

0.025***

  

0.046***

  

0.057***

 
  

(0.003)

  

(0.004)

  

(0.005)

 

 Semi-healthy

 

0.041***

  

0.088***

  

0.077***

 
  

(0.003)

  

(0.004)

  

(0.006)

 

 Super-healthy

 

0.047***

  

0.111***

  

0.089***

 
  

(0.003)

  

(0.004)

  

(0.006)

 

Childhood financial circumstances (CFC) (ref. Good)

20.4

  

12.7

  

34.3

 Difficult

-0.028***

-0.027***

 

-0.038***

-0.035***

 

-0.060***

-0.057***

 
 

(0.002)

(0.002)

 

(0.003)

(0.003)

 

(0.004)

(0.004)

 

Sex

         

 Male

0.023***

0.025***

18.5

0.004*

0.010***

0.4

0.002

0.005

0.2

 

(0.002)

(0.002)

 

(0.003)

(0.003)

 

(0.004)

(0.004)

 

Age

0.0002

0.0002

0.2

0.001***

0.001***

0.6

0.001***

0.001***

4.0

 

(0.0001)

(0.0001)

 

(0.000)

(0.000)

 

(0.000)

(0.000)

 

Constant

0.850***

0.832***

 

0.709***

0.669***

 

0.626***

0.585***

 
 

(0.008)

(0.008)

 

(0.011)

(0.011)

 

(0.015)

(0.015)

 

Observations

14,031

13,835

 

14,304

14,103

 

14,086

13,904

 

Overall R-squared

0.042

0.062

 

0.031

0.080

 

0.020

0.040

 

Contributions of HB to Education gradient

28.6%

  

40.3%

  

62.9%

 
  1. EQ-5D-5 L: EuroQol descriptive system using the WePP value set (Western Preference Pattern, hybrid based on four Western countries: Canada, England, the Netherlands, Spain); EQ- VAS: EuroQol Visual Analogue Scale, converted to [0–1] scale; SWLS-3: the first three items of the Satisfaction With Life Scale, converted to [0–1] scale
  2. % of Model-2 R2 was calculated using Shapley values of five variables included in Model-2. It represents the contribution of each (group of) variable to the overall R2 in Model-2. Take explaining EQ-5D-5 L as an example, HB contributed to 39.5% of the explained variance (R2 = 0.062)
  3. Robust standard errors in parentheses. *** p < 0.01, ** p < 0.05, * p < 0.1