Table 2 Mean scores and standard deviation (SD) and linear mixed model results for mean differences in attitudes towards mask wearing by characteristic and time-interactions

Race and ethnicity

Black

Asian

Latinx

Other

White ^a

5.19 (0.71)

5.17 (0.68)

5.12 (0.72)

5.11 (0.75)

5.04 (0.73)

5.27 (0.62)

5.20 (0.70)

5.11 (0.78)

5.19 (0.80)

5.01 (0.78)

0.000 (0.55)

0.15 (0.24)

0.03 (0.03)

0.03 (0.05)

− .0.1, 0.11

0.11, 0.20

-0.02, 0.09

-0.07, 0.13

0.99

< 0.0001

0.318

0.593

0.18 (0.05)

0.07 (0.02)

0.04 (0.03)

0.15 (0.05)

0.07, 0.28

0.03, 0.12

-0.01, 0.10

0.01, 0.20

0.001

0.001

0.127

0.02

Sex

Female

Male ^a

5.20 (0.64)

4.92 (0.82)

5.21 (0.67)

4.88 (0.87)

0.19 (0.02)

0.15, 0.23

< 0.0001

0.07 (0.02)

0.03, 0.11

0.001

Age Group (years)

18–21

22–24

25–31

32–85 ^a

5.03 (0.73)

5.05 (0.75)

5.09 (0.72)

5.19 (0.67)

5.02 (0.78)

5.07 (0.77)

5.11 (0.76)

5.16 (0.72)

-0.16 (0.04)

-0.15 (0.04)

-0.12 (0.03)

-0.25, -0.08

-0.23, -0.07

-0.19, -0.06

< 0.0001

< 0.0001

< 0.0001

-0.03 (0.04)

0.05 (0.04)

0.04 (0.03)

-0.11, 0.85

-0.03, 0.12

-0.01, 0.10

0.40

0.21

0.14

Division

Student

Faculty/staff ^a

5.05 (0.74)

5.19 (0.67)

5.06 (0.78)

5.16 (0.72)

-0.08 (0.03)

-0.14, -0.01

0.02

0.04 (0.03)

-0.03, 0.10

0.20

Political affiliation

Republican

Independent

Something else

Democrat ^a

4.46 (1.03)

4.86 (0.86)

5.06 (0.79)

5.24 (0.56)

4.34 (1.10)

4.82 (0.91)

5.08 (0.87)

5.25 (0.59)

− .67 (0.04)

− .30 (0.03)

− .09 (0.05)

-0.76, -0.59

-0.35, -0.25

-0.17, 0.003

< 0.0001

< 0.0001

0.06

-0.18 (0.04)

-0.10 (0.03)

-0.03 (0.04)

-0.26, -0.10

-0.15, -0.05

-0.11, 0.06

< 0.0001

< 0.0001

0.49

Had COVID-19

Yes

No ^a

4.96 (0.78)

5.15 (0.69)

4.89 (0.85)

5.16 (0.72)

-0.11 (0.03)

-0.16, -0.06

< 0.0001

-0.13 (0.02)

-0.17, -0.08

< 0.0001

Time ^b

-0.10 (0.03)

-0.15, -0.05

< 0.0001