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Table 2 Poor engagement with technology defined as proportion of participants with > 20% days with no digital confirmation over intensive and full course of TB treatment

From: Risk factors for poor engagement with a smart pillbox adherence intervention among persons on tuberculosis treatment in Ethiopia

 

POOR ENGAGEMENT (> 20% DAYS WITH NO DIGITAL CONFIRMATION) OVER INTENSIVE PHASE

POOR ENGAGEMENT (> 20% DAYS WITH NO DIGITAL CONFIRMATION) OVER FULL COURSE

 

10.5%

(133/1262)

ORc

ORc 95%CI

ORa

ORa 95%CI

15.8%

(200/1262)

ORc

ORc 95%CI

ORa

ORa 95%CI

% poor outcomeÆš

     < 4%

10.0%

(51/510)

1

1

1

1

15.9%

(81/510)

1

1

1

1

     > 4% to 7%

13.1%

(50/381)

1.33

(0.70, 2.55)

1.34

(0.70, 2.57)

15.7%

(60/381)

0.98

(0.53, 1.82)

1.00

(0.53, 1.87)

     > 7%

8.6%

(32/371)

0.78

(0.40, 1.52)

0.78

(0.40, 1.53)

15.9%

(59/371

0.97

(0.54, 1.77)

0.99

(0.54, 1.82)

Age, in years

    18 to 24

11.5%

(42/364)

1

1

1

1

17.9%

(65/364)

1

1

1

1

    25 to 34

8.5%

(34/401)

0.69

(0.42, 1.12)

0.70

(0.43, 1.14)

14.7%

(59/401)

0.76

(0.51, 1.12)

0.74

(0.50, 1.11)

    35 + 

11.5%

(57/497)

0.94

(0.61, 1.45)

0.97

(0.63, 1.51)

15.3%

(76/497)

0.78

(0.54, 1.14)

0.77

(0.53, 1.12)

Sex

    Female

11.8%

(61/515)

1

1

1

1

14.4%

(74/515)

1

1

1

1

    Male

9.6%

(72/747)

0.76

(0.52, 1.10)

0.77

(0.53, 1.11)

16.9%

(126/747)

1.18

(0.86, 1.63)

1.21

(0.88, 1.67)

HIV status§

    Negative

10.2%

(112/1100)

1

1

1

1

15.9%

(175/1100)

1

1

1

1

    Positive

12.7%

(20/157)

1.26

(0.74, 2.12)

1.24

(0.72, 2.13)

15.9%

(25/157)

0.98

(0.61, 1.57)

1.06

(0.65, 1.73)

Previous TB

    No

10.6%

(125/1183)

1

1

1

1

16.0%

(189/1183)

1

1

1

1

    Yes

10.3%

(8/78)

1.09

(0.50, 2.37)

1.08

(0.50, 2.36)

14.1%

(11/78)

0.96

(0.49, 1.88)

0.97

(0.49, 1.91)

Education

    None

8.2%

(15/183)

1

1

1

1

14.8%

(27/183)

1

1

1

1

    Less than primary

11.5%

(53/460)

1.50

(0.81, 2.78)

1.72

(0.91, 3.24)

17.6%

(81/460)

1.28

(0.79, 2.08)

1.17

(0.70, 1.93)

    Primary completed

10.9%

(24/220)

1.45

(0.72, 2.90)

1.74

(0.84, 3.61)

15.5%

(34/220)

1.16

(0.66, 2.05)

1.02

(0.56, 1.85)

    Secondary or more

10.3%

(41/399)

1.35

(0.71, 2.56)

1.58

(0.80, 3.09)

14.5%

(58/399)

1.05

(0.63, 1.75)

0.93

(0.54, 1.60)

Marital status

    Single

10.8%

(35/324)

1

1

1

1

14.5%

(47/324)

1

1

1

1

    Single/independent

9.4%

(22/234)

0.86

(0.48, 1.53)

0.87

(0.49, 1.56)

17.9%

(42/234)

1.30

(0.81, 2.07)

1.35

(0.84, 2.16)

    Married/cohabiting

10.8%

(62/573)

0.94

(0.60, 1.49)

0.96

(0.59, 1.56)

14.8%

(85/573)

0.97

(0.65, 1.44)

1.11

(0.73, 1.71)

    Separated/widowed

10.7%

(14/131)

0.90

(0.46, 1.77)

0.81

(0.39, 1.68)

19.8%

(26/131)

1.29

(0.75, 2.23)

1.59

(0.88, 2.89)

SEP

    Poorest

12.5%

(31/248)

1

1

1

1

19.0%

(47/248)

1

1

1

1

    Second

7.7%

(19/247)

0.59

(0.31, 1.09)

0.61

(0.33, 1.14)

16.2%

(40/247)

0.82

(0.51, 1.34)

0.81

(0.50, 1.32)

    Middle

14.6%

(36/247)

1.16

(0.67, 2.00)

1.20

(0.69, 2.07)

17.4%

(43/247)

0.87

(0.53, 1.40)

0.86

(0.53, 1.39)

    Fourth

6.5%

(16/247)

0.49

(0.25, 0.94)

0.49

(0.25, 0.95)

13.8%

(34/247)

0.68

(0.41, 1.14)

0.68

(0.41, 1.13)

    Wealthiest

10.9%

(27/247)

0.84

(0.47, 1.52)

0.85

(0.47, 1.53)

12.1%

(30/247)

0.59

(0.35, 1.00)

0.59

(0.35, 1.01)

BC confirmed

    Yes

9.4%

(79/839)

1

1

1

1

15.7%

(132/839)

1

1

1

1

    No

12.8%

(54/422)

1.56

(1.06, 2.29)

1.55

(1.05, 2.28)

16.1%

(68/422)

1.11

(0.79, 1.54)

1.11

(0.80, 1.55)

  1. Crude (ORc) and adjusted (ORa) odds ratio and 95% confidence intervals (CI) calculated using logistic regression with random effects. Adjusted models condition on age and sex only
  2. ƚFacility level percentage with poor outcomes in the previous year (§) HIV status at baseline. TB Tuberculosis, SEP socio-economic position, BC bacteriological confirmation. There were 5 patients with unknown HIV status, 1 patient with unknown TB history, 26 with missing data on SEP and 1 patient with missing bacteriological confirmation