Table 3 Distribution of road traffic accident injury severity levels in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia from October 2017–July 2020

Driver sex

Male

1166 (13.8%)

3282 (38.8%)

2859 (33.8%)

7307 (86.4%)

.000 ***

Female

108 (1.3%)

665 (7.9%)

378 (4.5%)

1151 (13.6%)

Driver’s age

< 18 years

20 (0.2%)

39 (0.5%)

67 (0.8%)

126 (1.5%)

.016*

18–30 years

577 (6.8%)

1837 (21.7%)

1479 (17.5%)

3893 (46.0%)

31–50 years

592 (7.0%)

1794 (21.2%)

1482 (17.5%)

3868 (45.7%)

> 50 years

85 (1.0%)

277 (3.3%)

209 (2.5%)

571 (6.8%)

Driver educational level

High school and lower

466 (5.5%)

2684 (31.7%)

2118 (25.0%)

5268 (62.3%)

.000***

College and above

808 (9.6%)

1263 (14.9%)

1119 (13.2%)

3190 (37.7%)

Day of crash

Monday

198 (2.3%)

591 (7.0%)

531 (6.3%)

1320 (15.6%)

.000***

Tuesday

182 (2.2%)

529 (6.3%)

465 (5.5%)

1176 (13.9%)

Wednesday

173 (2.0%)

560 (6.6%)

501 (5.9%)

1234 (14.6%)

Thursday

154 (1.8%)

646 (7.6%)

497 (5.9%)

1297 (15.3%)

Friday

230 (2.7%)

359 (4.2%)

303 (3.6%)

892 (10.5%)

Saturday

137 (1.6%)

655 (7.7%)

491 (5.8%)

1283 (15.2%)

Sunday

199 (2.4%)

607 (7.2%)

449 (5.3%)

1255 (14.8%)

Driving experience in years

1–2

748 (8.8%)

2079 (24.6%)

1704 (20.2%)

4531 (53.6)

.000***

3–5

372 (4.4%)

638 (7.5%)

539 (6.4%)

1549 (18.3)

6–10

98 (1.2%)

487 (5.8%)

396 (4.7%)

981 (11.6%)

> 10

56 (0.7%)

743 (8.8%)

598 (7.1%)

1397 (16.5%)

Type of crash

Crash with pedestrian

1001 (11.8%)

2930 (34.6%)

2147 (25.4%)

6078 (71.9%)

.000***

Crash with another vehicle

138 (1.6%)

666 (7.9%)

766 (9.1%)

1570 (18.6%)

Roll over

62 (0.7%)

130 (1.5%)

122 (1.4%)

314 (3.7%)

Crash with animal or objects

51 (0.6%)

143 (1.7%)

141 (1.7%)

335 (4.0%)

Others

22 (0.3%)

78 (0.9%)

61 (0.7%)

161 (1.9%)

Type of vehicle

Two or three wheelers

76 (0.9%)

591 (7.0%)

539 (6.4%)

1206 (14.3%)

.000***

Public transport

333 (3.9%)

1286 (15.2%)

989 (11.7%)

2608 (30.8%)

Commercial truck

487 (5.8%)

1119 (13.2%)

897 (10.6%)

2503 (29.6%)

automobile

233 (2.8%)

861 (10.2%)

761 (9.0%)

1855 (21.9%)

Others

145 (1.7%)

90 (1.1%)

51 (0.6%)

286 (3.4%)

The owner of the vehicle

Private

990 (11.7%)

3223 (38.1%)

2766 (32.7%)

6979 (82.5%)

.000***

Government

200 (2.4%)

507 (6.0%)

304 (3.6%)

1011 (12.0%)

Others

84 (1.0%)

217 (2.6%)

167 (2.0%)

468 (5.5%)

Movement of vehicle

Straight

989 (11.7%)

3182 (37.6%)

2683 (31.7%)

6854 (81.0%)

.000***

Curved

158 (1.9%)

499 (5.9%)

409 (4.8%)

1066 (12.6%)

Reverse

30 (0.4%)

125 (1.5%)

110 (1.3%)

265 (3.1%)

Parked

42 (0.5%)

58 (0.7%)

35 (0.4%)

135 (1.6%)

Other

55 (0.7%)

83 (1.0%)

0 (0.0%)

138 (1.6%)

Victims of crash

Pedestrian

1017 (12.0%)

2862 (33.8%)

2160 (25.5%)

6039 (71.4%)

.000***

The passenger of vehicle

151 (1.8%)

706 (8.3%)

686 (8.1%)

1543 (18.2%)

The driver of vehicle

65 (0.8%)

200 (2.4%)

262 (3.1%)

527 (6.2%)

Motorcyclist

21 (0.2%)

134 (1.6%)

105 (1.2%)

260 (3.1%)

Motor passenger

20 (0.2%)

45 (0.5%)

24 (0.3%)

89 (1.1%)

Age of the victims

< 18 years

102 (1.2%)

992 (11.7%)

802 (9.5%)

1896 (22.4%)

.000***

18–30 years

398 (4.7%)

1192 (14.1%)

1090 (12.9%)

2680 (31.7%)

31–50 years

503 (5.9%)

939 (11.1%)

787 (9.3%)

2229 (26.4%)

> 51 years

271 (3.2%)

824 (9.7%)

558 (6.6%)

1653 (19.5%)

Sex of victims

Male

969 (11.5%)

2743 (32.4%)

2235 (26.4%)

5947 (70.3%)

.000***

Female

305 (3.6%)

1204 (14.2%)

1002 (11.8%)

2511 (29.7%)

Movement of Pedestrians

Crossing

694 (8.2%)

2179 (25.8%)

1596 (18.9%)

4469 (52.8%)

.000***

Walking/standing

308 (3.6%)

1483 (17.5%)

1411 (16.7%)

3202 (37.9%)

Sitting

72 (0.9%)

260 (3.1%)

226 (2.7%)

558 (6.6%)

Other

200 (2.4%)

25 (0.3%)

4 (0.0%)

229 (2.7%)

Sub-city of the accidents

Akaki Kality

158 (1.9%)

332 (3.9%)

329 (3.9%)

819 (9.7%)

.000***

Arada

66 (0.8%)

431 (5.1%)

40 (0.5%)

537 (6.3%)

Nifas Silk

187 (2.2%)

735 (8.7%)

831 (9.8%)

1753 (20.7%)

Bole

226 (2.7%)

736 (8.7%)

502 (5.9%)

1464 (17.3%)

Yeka

180 (2.1%)

203 (2.4%)

148 (1.7%)

531 (6.3%)

Kolfe Keraniyo

156 (1.8%)

515 (6.1%)

398 (4.7%)

1069 (12.6%)

Addis Ketema

76 (0.9%)

238 (2.8%)

252 (3.0%)

566 (6.7%)

Kirkos

75 (0.9%)

373 (4.4%)

273 (3.2%)

721 (8.5%)

Gulele

63 (0.7%)

90 (1.1%)

292 (3.5%)

445 (5.3%)

Lideta

87 (1.0%)

293 (3.5%)

172 (2.0%)

552 (6.5%)

Division of roads

Round about

766 (9.1%)

1615 (19.1%)

1174 (13.9%)

3555 (42.0%)

.000***

One lane

89 (1.1%)

341 (4.0%)

324 (3.8%)

754 (8.9%)

Two lanes

311 (3.7%)

1696 (20.1%)

1435 (17.0%)

3442 (40.7%)

Others

108 (1.3%)

295 (3.5%)

304 (3.6%)

707 (8.4%)

The type of road

Straight

1020 (12.1%)

2695 (31.9%)

2202 (26.0%)

5917 (70.0%)

.000***

Zigzag

29 (0.3%)

24 (0.3%)

25 (0.3%)

78 (0.9%)

Curve

87 (1.0%)

1005 (11.9%)

833 (9.8%)

1925 (22.8%)

Tilted

60 (0.7%)

137 (1.6%)

86 (1.0%)

283 (3.3%)

Hill

78 (0.9%)

86 (1.0%)

91 (1.1%)

255 (3.0%)

Intersection

Yes

653 (7.7%)

2184 (25.8%)

1599 (18.9%)

4436 (52.5%)

.000***

No

621 (7.3%)

1762 (20.8%)

1637 (19.4%)

4020 (47.5%)

The time of crash

Morning

211 (2.5%)

485 (5.7%)

354 (4.2%)

1050 (12.4%)

.000***

Afternoon

335 (4.0%)

1136 (13.4%)

1076 (12.7%)

2547 (30.1%)

Evening

262 (3.1%)

1139 (13.5%)

951 (11.2%)

2352 (27.8%)

Night

466 (5.5%)

1187 (14.0%)

856 (10.1%)

2509 (29.7%)

Light condition

Sunny

659 (7.8%)

2586 (30.6%)

2270 (26.8%)

5515 (65.2%)

.000***

Dusk

23 (0.3%)

61 (0.7%)

46 (0.5%)

130 (1.5%)

Down

63 (0.7%)

92 (1.1%)

84 (1.0%)

239 (2.8%)

Dark with good light

261 (3.1%)

536 (6.3%)

353 (4.2%)

1150 (13.6%)

Dark with poor light

56 (0.7%)

327 (3.9%)

234 (2.8%)

617 (7.3%)

Dark

212 (2.5%)

345 (4.1%)

250 (3.0%)

807 (9.5%)

Air condition

Good air

1111 (13.1%)

3527 (41.7%)

2860 (33.8%)

7498 (88.6%)

.000***

Foggy

41 (0.5%)

50 (0.6%)

81 (1.0%)

172 (2.0%)

Cloudy

55 (0.7%)

72 (0.9%)

66 (0.8%)

193 (2.3%)

Rainy

67 (0.8%)

298 (3.5%)

230 (2.7%)

595 (7.0%)

The season of crash

Autumn

321 (3.8%)

1079 (12.8%)

846 (10.0%)

2246 (26.6%)

.046

Winter

341 (4.0%)

898 (10.6%)

776 (9.2%)

2015 (23.8%)

Spring

295 (3.5%)

882 (10.4%)

765 (9.0%)

1942 (23.0%)

Summer

317 (3.7%)

1088 (12.9%)

850 (10.0%)

2255 (26.7%)