Table 11 Results of the heterogeneity analysis of the impact of boarding on students' cognitive abilities

OLS

IV

OLS

IV

OLS

IV

OLS

IV

OLS

IV

OLS

IV

OLS

IV

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

(6)

(7)

(8)

(9)

(10)

(11)

(12)

(13)

(14)

Panel A: Sample of male students

 Boarding

0.448

9.128**

0.132

1.494**

-0.205

0.998

-0.205

0.998

0.346

2.756**

-0.604

0.295

0.654*

1.432*

(1.418)

(3.991)

(0.250)

(0.609)

(0.362)

(1.046)

(0.362)

(1.046)

(0.422)

(1.110)

(0.399)

(0.918)

(0.378)

(0.867)

 Observations

238

238

238

238

238

238

238

238

238

238

238

238

238

238

 Phase I F-statistic values

36.872

36.872

36.872

36.872

36.872

36.872

36.872

Panel B: Sample of female students

 Boarding

-0.584

-1.371

-0.336

-0.275

0.512

0.167

0.512

0.167

-0.102

1.284

-0.674

-0.456

-0.231

-1.652

(1.764)

(7.339)

(0.299)

(1.193)

(0.404)

(1.796)

(0.404)

(1.796)

(0.427)

(1.934)

(0.431)

(1.831)

(0.402)

(1.771)

 Observations

234

234

234

234

234

234

234

234

234

234

234

234

234

234

 Phase I F-statistic values

9.784

9.784

9.784

9.784

9.784

9.784

9.784

Panel C: Sample of left-behind children

 Boarding

-0.140

9.751*

0.116

1.652**

-0.458

1.006

-0.458

1.006

0.671

2.952**

-0.008

1.855

-0.315

0.147

(1.653)

(5.256)

(0.266)

(0.828)

(0.438)

(1.344)

(0.438)

(1.344)

(0.425)

(1.385)

(0.434)

(1.255)

(0.354)

(1.159)

 Observations

240

240

240

240

240

240

240

240

240

240

240

240

240

240

 Phase I F-statistic values

21.891

21.891

21.891

21.891

21.891

21.891

21.891

Panel D: Sample of non-left-behind children

 Boarding

1.909

-1.566

0.045

-0.770

0.925***

1.363

0.925***

1.363

0.079

1.470

-0.623

-3.446**

0.680*

-0.336

(1.305)

(5.544)

(0.243)

(0.913)

(0.338)

(1.436)

(0.338)

(1.436)

(0.389)

(1.535)

(0.383)

(1.551)

(0.353)

(1.311)

 Observations

232

232

232

232

232

232

232

232

232

232

232

232

232

232

 Phase I F-statistic values

15.299

15.299

15.299

15.299

15.299

15.299

15.299

Panel E: Sample with poor family conditions

 Boarding

-1.441

6.109

-0.280

0.809

-0.012

1.311

-0.012

1.311

-0.255

1.519

-1.246**

0.064

0.661

0.842

(1.942)

(5.490)

(0.311)

(0.863)

(0.465)

(1.329)

(0.465)

(1.329)

(0.527)

(1.543)

(0.587)

(1.327)

(0.596)

(1.288)

 Observations

144

144

144

144

144

144

144

144

144

144

144

144

144

144

 Phase I F-statistic values

15.818

15.818

15.818

15.818

15.818

15.818

15.818

Panel F: Sample with good family conditions

 Boarding

0.940

7.132

0.085

1.257

0.283

0.630

0.283

0.630

0.530

2.884**

-0.385

0.197

0.111

0.690

(1.365)

(5.126)

(0.233)

(0.831)

(0.324)

(1.304)

(0.324)

(1.304)

(0.366)

(1.402)

(0.346)

(1.282)

(0.318)

(1.174)

 Observations

328

328

328

328

328

328

328

328

328

328

328

328

328

328

 Phase I F-statistic values

19.995

19.995

19.995

19.995

19.995

19.995

19.995