Table 1 Descriptive statistics for participants’ sociodemographic characteristics, financial hardship, and biological markers

Age (M, SD; range)

50.62 (14.51)

50.84 (13.41)

0.41

Female (%)

54.3

52.1

1.17

Race

 White (%)

71.1

70.6

8.42 ^*

 Black (%)

21.2

18.8

 Others (%)

7.6

10.6

 Non-Hispanic

96.2

96.1

0.04

Married (%)

57.7

58.5

0.16

Education

 HS/GED or lower

29.9

17.3

61.7 ^***

 Some college

30.8

30.5

 Bachelor’s degree or higher (%)

39.3

52.2

Financial Hardship

 Material Domain

  Income to poverty line ratio

   < 300% (%)

44.3

35.4

21.37 ^***

    ≥ 300%- < 600% (%)

30.2

32.7

    ≥ 600% (%)

25.6

31.9

  No health insurance coverage (%)

11.8

9.2

4.22 ^*

  Received public/government assistance last calendar year (%)

32.1

29.6

1.79

Psychosocial Domain

 Perceived current financial situation (M, SD)

5.81 (2.42)

5.95 (2.46)

1.41

 Perceived financial control (M, SD)

6.20 (2.70)

6.34 (2.70)

1.32

 Perceived Availability of money to meet needs

  More money than need (%)

32.7

29.9

3.92

  Enough money (%)

50.8

50.1

  Not enough money (%)

16.4

20.0

 Perceived difficulty paying monthly bills

  Not at all difficult (%)

11.0

10.6

3.92

  Not very difficult (%)

31.6

29.3

  Somewhat difficult (%)

30.4

29.7

  Very difficult (%)

27.0

30.4

Behavioral Domain

 Missed a credit card payment (%)

15.4

16.9

1.07

 Missed other debt payment (%)

14.5

14.7

0.02

 Sold possessions to make ends meet (%)

23.0

22.8

0.02

 Cut back on spending (%)

74.6

73.9

0.16

Physiological Markers

Inflammation Markers

 ln Interleukin 6 (IL6; pg/mL; M, SD)

—

0.72 (0.80)

—

 ln C-Reactive Protein (CRP; ug/mL; M, SD)

—

0.50 (1.28)

—

 Fibrinogen (g/L; M, SD)

—

3.43 (0.74)

—

Health-related Covariates

 BMI (Kg/m²; M, SD)

—

30.59 (9.54)

—

 Number of chronic conditions

—

4.29 (3.40)

—

 Using prescription drugs (%)

—

70.7

—