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Table 1 Basic characteristics of study participants

From: The association between living alone and depressive symptoms and the role of pet ownership among Japanese workers

 

All participants (n = 12,763)

The combinations of living alone status and pet ownership

Living alone without a pet (n = 3559)

Living alone with pet(s) (n = 154)

Living with others but without a pet (n = 6945)

Living with others and with pet(s) (n = 2105)

Age, mean [SD]a

42.5

[12.4]

35.3

[12.9]

43.8

[12.9]

44.7

[11.0]

47.1

[10.6]

Female, n (%)

1540

(12.1)

456

(12.8)

30

(19.5)

813

(11.7)

241

(11.4)

Marital status, n (%)

8168

(64.0)

412

(11.6)

52

(33.8)

5918

(85.2)

1786

(84.8)

Employment status, n (%)

 Upper management

563

(4.4)

94

(2.6)

4

(2.6)

352

(5.1)

113

(5.4)

 Middle management

3477

(27.2)

557

(15.7)

26

(16.9)

2238

(32.2)

656

(31.2)

 Other

8723

(68.3)

2908

(81.7)

124

(80.5)

4355

(62.7)

1336

(63.5)

Alcohol consumption, n (%)

 Don’t drink

3232

(25.3)

1002

(28.2)

44

(28.6)

1668

(24.0)

518

(24.6)

 < 1 gob

6179

(48.4)

1905

(53.5)

77

(50.0)

3316

(47.7)

881

(41.9)

 1–1.9 gob

2045

(16.0)

383

(10.8)

22

(14.3)

1225

(17.6)

415

(19.7)

 ≥ 2 gob

1307

(10.2)

269

(7.6)

11

(7.1)

736

(10.6)

291

(13.8)

Smoking status, n (%)

 Never

6252

(49.0)

2166

(60.9)

74

(48.1)

3258

(46.9)

754

(35.8)

 Former

3821

(29.9)

621

(17.4)

48

(31.2)

2351

(33.9)

801

(38.1)

 Current

2690

(21.1)

772

(21.7)

32

(20.8)

1336

(19.2)

550

(26.1)

Educational background, n (%)

 9–12 years

6358

(49.8)

1704

(47.9)

94

(61.0)

3323

(47.8)

1237

(58.8)

 13–16 years

3503

(27.4)

905

(25.4)

39

(25.3)

1976

(28.5)

583

(27.7)

 ≥ 17 years

2902

(22.7)

950

(26.7)

21

(13.6)

1646

(23.7)

285

(13.5)

  1. aSD standard deviation
  2. bgo: 1 go is the Japanese traditional unit equivalent to approximately 20 g of ethanol