Comorbidities associated with the severity of COVID-19, and differences across ethnic groups: a UK Biobank cohort study

Table 3 Logistic regression of severe COVID-19 on comorbidity

	Model 1 (unadjusted) n = 472,182		Model 2 (covariates)^a n = 394974^c		Model 3 (covariates and comorbidities)^b n = 396,642
Coronary Heart Disease	3.813 (2.895 – 3.500)	< 0.001	1.687 (1.502 – 1.894)	< 0.001	1.146 (1.018 – 1.290)	0.025
Hypertension	3.738 (3.470 – 4.027)	< 0.001	2.157 (1.966—2.365)	< 0.001	1.666 (1.512 – 1.836)	< 0.001
Type II Diabetes Mellitus	5.423 (5.015 – 5.864)	< 0.001	2.969 (2.685 – 3.283)	< 0.001	2.151 (1.941 – 2.385)	< 0.001
Obesity	2.514 (2.344 – 2.697)	< 0.001	2.080 (1.916 – 2.257)	< 0.001	1.418 (1.298 – 1.548)	< 0.001
Chronic Kidney Disease	6.427 (5.877 – 7.029)	< 0.001	3.620 (3.238 – 4.084)	< 0.001	2.454 (2.187 – 2.752)	< 0.001
Depression	2.737 (2.511 – 2.982)	< 0.001	2.398 (2.163 – 2.658)	< 0.001	1.696 (1.514 – 1.900)	< 0.001
Anxiety	3.223 (2.914 – 3.565)	< 0.001	2.838 (2.515 – 3.202)	< 0.001	1.806 (1.581 – 2.063)	< 0.001

Data presented as Odds Ratio (95% Confidence interval)
^aModel 2 was adjusted for ethnicity, sex, age, BMI, Townsend deprivation index, smoking status, qualifications, and pre-tax household income
^bModel 3 was adjusted for the same covariates as model 2 (bar BMI) plus the following comorbidities: coronary heart disease, hypertension, type II diabetes mellitus, obesity, chronic kidney disease, depression, and anxiety
^cn for obesity = 396,642 due to the exclusion of BMI variable

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