Economic burden of non-communicable diseases on households in Nigeria: evidence from the Nigeria living standard survey 2018-19

Table 2 Impoverishing effects of OOP health expenditure in Nigeria, 2018-19

Household type	Impoverishment risk categories (%) (95% CI)^b
Household type	Non-spender	Not at risk of impoverishment	At risk of impoverishment	Impoverished	Further impoverished
Households with NCDs n [%]	133 [2.92] (2.47–3.45)	3,159 [69.28] (69.92–70.60)	443 [9.71] (8.89–10.61)	244 [5.35] (4.73–6.04)	581 [12.74] (11.80–13.74)
All households ^a n [%]	5,048 [23.39] (22.84–23.97)	12,076 [55.97] (55.31–56.64)	1,463 [6.78] (6.45–7.13)	684 [3.17] (2.94–3.41)	2,303 [10.68] (10.27–11.09)

^aEstimate for OOP spending on all health conditions, including NCDs and injuries
^b95% CIs in round parenthesis underneath each estimate

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