Gender differences in the association of individual and contextual socioeconomic status with hypertension in 230 Latin American cities from the SALURBAL study: a multilevel analysis

Table 2 Individual-level and area-level characteristics of the analytical sample by hypertension status and gender

	Gender
	Women			Men
	No hypertension	Hypertension	p-value^a	No hypertension	Hypertension	p-value^a
	N = 53,771 (85.2%)	N = 9,355 (14.8%)	p-value^a	N = 41,205 (89.5%)	N = 4,853 (10.5%)	p-value^a
Individual characteristics
Age, mean (SD)	39.8 (15.0)	60.9 (13.6)	< 0.001	40.2 (15.2)	59.9 (13.5)	< 0.001
Educational level, n (%)			< 0.001			< 0.001
Less than primary	8,170 (15.2)	3,396 (36.3)		6,092 (14.8)	1,198 (24.7)
Primary	17,835 (33.2)	3,111 (33.2)		14,112 (34.2)	1,616 (33.3)
Secondary	20,423 (38.0)	1,904 (20.3)		15,694 (38.1)	1,289 (26.6)
University or higher	7,343 (13.7)	944 (10.1)		5,307 (12.9)	750 (15.45)
Contextual characteristics
Sub-city-level education, mean (SD)	0.31 (1.27)	0.34 (1.27)	< 0.001	0.29 (1.26)	0.38 (1.29)	< 0.001
City-level education, mean (SD)	0.26 (1.43)	0.11 (1.28)	< 0.001	0.26 (1.43)	0.15 (1.29)	< 0.001

^ap-values refer to Kruskal–Wallis tests and chi-square tests (for categorical variables). Comparing hypertension yes/no

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