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Table 1 Prevalence of current peer e-cigarette use among adolescents 12–17 years of age. Data from PATH youth surveys wave 2 to wave 5 (2014–2019)

From: Mutual pathways between peer and own e-cigarette use among youth in the United States: a cross-lagged model

 

Overall

Among current non-e-cigarette users

Among current e-cigarette users

Peer e-cigarette use

n

% (95% CI)

n

% (95% CI)

n

% (95% CI)

All

 Time 1

12,875

15.2 (14.3, 16.1)

12,630

12.9 (13.1, 14.7)

245

81.6 (75.6, 86.4)

 Time 2

12,784

21.2 (20.3, 22.2)

12,326

19.2 (18.4, 20.1)

458

74.6 (70.8, 78.0)

 Time 3

10,427

21.5 (20.4, 22.6)

10,012

18.9 (17.9, 20.0)

415

79.1 (75.0, 82.6)

 Time 4

8195

33.8 (32.4, 35.2)

7573

29.2 (27.9, 30.6)

622

86.5 (83.4, 89.2)

 Time 5

6366

45.7 (44.2, 47.2)

5618

40.4 (38.7, 42.0)

748

84.3 (81.4, 86.8)

Males 12–14 years

 Time 1

4733

10.1 (9.3, 11.0)

4680

9.3 (8.5, 10.2)

53

73.9 (60.7, 83.8)

 Time 2

4681

16.1 (14.9, 17.4)

4578

15.0 (13.7, 16.3)

103

63.1 (53.6, 71.7)

 Time 3

4504

19.5 (18.2, 20.9)

4359

17.5 (16.2, 18.9)

145

76.2 (69.0, 82.1)

 Time 4

4169

33.8 (32.1, 35.6)

3873

29.7 (27.9, 31.5)

296

84.1 (78.7, 88.3)

 Time 5

3250

44.4 (42.4, 46.4)

2879

39.4 (37.4, 41.5)

371

81.5 (76.5, 85.6)

Males 15–17 years

 Time 1

1908

32.2 (29.4, 35.1)

1828

29.6 (27.1, 32.4)

66

86.6 (75.4, 92.7)

 Time 2

1932

36.9 (34.5, 39.3)

1790

33.1 (30.8, 35.6)

142

80.7 (73.6, 86.2)

 Time 3

865

37.5 (24.1, 41.0)

789

33.2 (30.0, 36.5)

76

78.2 (66.9, 86.4)

 Time 4

52

52.9 (38.0)

43

43.7 (28.0, 60.7)

9

89.0 (47.0, 98.7)

Females 12–14 years

 Time 1

4430

9.6 (8.7, 10.7)

4392

9.0 (8.1, 10.1)

38

75.7 (61.0, 86.1)

 Time 2

4354

16.3 (15.1, 17.6)

4269

14.9 (13.7, 16.2)

85

82.7 (72.9, 89.5)

 Time 3

4205

18.5 (17.0, 20.2)

4086

16.6 (15.1, 18.2)

119

81.6 (74.0, 87.5)

 Time 4

3899

33.6 (32.0, 35.4)

3596

28.7 (27.1, 30.3)

303

89.8 (85.7, 92.8)

 Time 5

3090

47.2 (44.9, 49.5)

2717

41.7 (39.2, 44.2)

373

86.9 (83.4, 89.9)

Females 15–17 years

 Time 1

1771

27.6 (25.0, 30.4)

1698

25.0 (22.5, 27.6)

73

87.2 (73.9, 94.2)

 Time 2

1781

32.9 (30.3, 35.5)

1654

29.7 (27.3, 32.2)

127

72.2 (62.7, 80.0)

 Time 3

819

32.7 (29.5, 36.2)

745

27.2 (24.2, 30.5)

74

81.3 (29.5, 36.2)

 Time 4

46

44.9 (29.9, 60.9)

34

33.4 (18.8, 52.0)

12

75.5 (40.7, 93.2)

  1. Our analyses include data from five time points: waves 2, 3, 4, 4.5, and 5. In order to fully utilize all available information across all waves, we structured the data such that the first data point (“Time 1”) corresponds to the first assessment of the individual, the second data point corresponds to the second assessment (“Time 2”), and so on. As a result, a youth from the wave 2 cohort can contribute up to five data points across all waves, with up to four person-intervals between assessments. Similarly, a youth in the replenishment ('shadow sample') who became eligible in wave 3 can have up to four data points, with up to three person-intervals