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Table 4 Dietary and lifestyle score components pre- and post-RDIF according to sex

From: Changes in dietary and lifestyle behaviors and mental stress among medical students upon Ramadan diurnal intermittent fasting: a prospective cohort study from Taif/Saudi Arabia

 

Before RDIF

Frequency (%)

After RDIF

Frequency (%)

P-value*

 

Female

Male

Female

Male

Female

Male

Body Mass Index (BMI, kg/m2)

  < 25

96 (88.07)

68 (61.26)

84 (77.06)

59 (53.15)

 < 0.05

NS

  ≥ 25

13 (11.93)

43 (38.74)

25 (22.94)

52 (46.85)

  

Adherence to Mediterranean Diet

  ≥ 5 points

18 (16.51)

24 (21.62)

32 (29.36)

39 (35.14)

 < 0.05

NS

  < 5 points

91 (83.49)

87 (78.38)

77 (70.64)

72 (64.86)

  

Physical activity

  ≥ 3 times/week

17 (15.60)

30 (27.03)

43 (39.45)

49 (44.14)

 < 0.001

 < 0.01

  < 3 times/week

92 (84.40)

81 (72.97)

66 (60.55)

62 (55.86)

  

Smoking

 No

100 (91.74)

90 (81.08)

103 (94.50)

103 (92.79)

NS

 < 0.05

 Yes

9 (8.26)

21 (18.92)

6 (5.50)

8 (7.21)

  

Sleep duration

 At least

 7–8 h

52 (47.71)

38 (34.23)

47 (43.12)

33 (29.73)

NS

NS

  < 7 h

57 (52.29)

73 (65.77)

62 (56.88)

78 (70.27)

  
  1. *P-value was computed for comparisons between the two time points for each sex