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Table 2 Tax Refund Spending among EITC Recipients, by Spending Category

From: Potential mechanisms linking poverty alleviation and health: an analysis of benefit spending among recipients of the U.S. earned income tax credit

Spending Categories

N (%)

Bills and debt

126 (52.3)

Housing

119 (49.4)

Vehicles

91 (37.8)

Retail consumption

62 (25.7)

Food

57 (23.7)

Children’s needs

29 (12.0)

Home repairs and improvements

29 (12.0)

Savings and investments

25 (10.4)

Education

13 (5.4)

Healthcare and health insurance

11 (4.6)

Miscellaneous

8 (3.3)

  1. N = 241. Sample drawn from the Assessing California Communities’ Experiences with Safety Net Supports (ACCESS) Study, which interviewed economically disadvantaged California families with young children and verified receipt of the earned income tax credit via tax returns. Recipients could report spending on more than one category. Details on spending categories are included in the Supplement.