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Table 2 Association between cumulative social risk and the Health and Activity Limitation Index (HALex).

From: Cumulative social disadvantage and health-related quality of life: national health interview survey 2013–2017

Independent variable

Unadjusted

Model 1

Model 2

 A. HALex scores (β, 95% CI)

SDoH index (1-unit increase)

-0.015 (-0.016, -0.015)

-0.020 (-0.021, -0.020)

-0.010 (-0.011, -0.010)

SDoH-Q1

Reference

Reference

Reference

SDoH-Q2

-0.044 (-0.046, -0.041)

-0.056 (-0.059, -0.053)

-0.032 (-0.035, -0.030)

SDoH-Q3

-0.081 (-0.085, -0.077)

-0.107 (-0.111, -0.103)

-0.061 (-0.064, -0.057)

SDoH-Q4

-0.128 (-0.132, -0.124)

-0.167 (-0.171, -0.163)

-0.086 (-0.089, -0.083)

B. Poor HALex (OR, 95% CI)

SDoH index (1-unit increase)

1.20 (1.19, 1.21)

1.31 (1.30, 1.32)

1.20 (1.19, 1.21)

SDoH-Q1

Reference

Reference

Reference

SDoH-Q2

2.18 (2.06, 2.30)

2.79 (2.63, 2.96)

2.19 (2.05, 2.34)

SDoH-Q3

3.44 (3.26, 3.63)

5.71 (5.39, 6.07)

3.73 (3.48, 3.99)

SDoH-Q4

5.26 (5.00, 5.54)

11.11 (10.47, 11.79)

5.32 (4.97, 5.70)

  1. Model 1 – age (continuous), sex, and race/ethnicity
  2. Model 2 – Model 1 + smoking history, obesity, arthritis, cancer, chronic liver disease, coronary heart disease, COPD, diabetes, hypertension, kidney failure, stroke, Kessler-6 score, and US geographic region of residence
  3. Abbreviations: β – beta coefficient; HALex – Health and Activity Limitation index; OR – odds ratio; SDoH-Q – quartile group of cumulative social determinants of health index