Table 2 Overall odds ratio estimates from separate proportional odds regression models examining the association between general exposure to fast food marketing and preference for McDonald’s, KFC and Subway among youth in six countries

Country

 Canada

[ref]

[ref]

[ref]

[ref]

[ref]

[ref]

 Chile

0.54

(0.42, 0.71)^a

1.51

(1.19, 1.93)^a

0.42

(0.32, 0.55)^a

 Mexico

0.75

(0.58, 0.99)^a

3.49

(2.63, 4.63)^a

0.48

(0.37, 0.62)^a

 United States

1.33

(1.01, 1.73)^a

2.41

(1.89, 1.93)^a

1.20

(0.90, 1.61)

 United Kingdom

1.38

(1.04, 1.83)^a

2.22

(1.72, 2.87)^a

0.64

(0.49, 0.83)^a

 Australia

1.14

(0.87, 1.51)

3.39

(2.61, 4.39)^a

0.60

(0.46, 0.77)^a

Age

0.89

(0.85, 0.92)^a

0.94

(0.91, 0.97)^a

1.02

(0.99, 1.06)

Sex

 Male

[ref]

[ref]

[ref]

[ref]

[ref]

[ref]

 Female

0.95

(0.80, 1.12)

0.72

(0.62, 0.84)^a

1.06

(0.90, 1.25)

Ethnicity

 Majority

[ref]

[ref]

[ref]

[ref]

[ref]

[ref]

 Minority

0.98

(0.79, 1.22)

1.16

(0.95, 1.43)

0.98

(0.79, 1.22)

Income Adequacy

 Not enough money

[ref]

[ref]

[ref]

[ref]

[ref]

[ref]

 Enough money

0.82

(0.67, 1.01)

1.02

(0.85, 1.23)

1.11

(0.92, 1.35)

General Exposure to FF Marketing

 Never

[ref]

[ref]

[ref]

[ref]

[ref]

[ref]

  ≥ 2x/week

1.97

(1.52, 2.56)^a

1.61

(1.24, 2.09)^a

1.73

(1.34, 2.24)^a

  ≤ 1x/week

1.57

(1.17, 2.10)^a

1.54

(1.15, 2.07)^a

1.46

(1.09, 1.97)^a