Table 3 Comparison and distribution of participants having normal, only prehypertension, only prediabetes, prediabetes and prehypertension, only hypertension, only diabetes, diabetes and hypertension among Bangladeshi adults aged 18 years and more drawn from the Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey, 2017–18
Variables | Normal (n, %) | Only prehypertension | Only Prediabetes | Prediabetes & prehypertension | Only hypertension | Only diabetes | Diabetes & Hypertension |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age | Mean age 39.74y | P-value 0.000 | |||||
 18-30y | 1,559 (50.0) | 920 (42.1) | 843 (48.9) | 378 (33.8) | 486 (15.8) | 168 (26.2) | 38 (6.3) |
 31-49y | 966 (31.5) | 838 (38.3) | 643 (35.2) | 500 (44.6) | 1,182 (38.3) | 264 (41.9) | 220 (37.7) |
 50-64y | 356 (12.1) | 294 (13.4) | 203 (11.2) | 170 (14.4) | 818 (26.4) | 140 (21.8) | 206 (34.8) |
  > 65y | 195 (6.4) | 129 (6.2) | 88 (4.7) | 79 (7.2) | 617 (19.5) | 60 (10.0) | 130 (21.2) |
Gender | P-value 0.000 | ||||||
 Male | 1,392 (44.7) | 1,054 (48.2) | 741 (40.8) | 489 (43.9) | 1298 (41.3) | 297 (48.8) | 238 (41.9) |
 Female | 1,684 (55.3) | 1,127(51.8) | 1,036(59.2 | 638 (56.1) | 1805 (58.7) | 335 (51.2) | 356 (58.0) |
Area of Residence | P-value 0.000 | ||||||
 Rural | 2,142(79.9) | 1,383 (74.1) | 1,105(68.2) | 693 (69.5) | 1980 (73.2) | 360 (63.6) | 311 (63.8) |
 Urban | 934 (20.1) | 798 (25.9) | 672 (31.9) | 434 (30.5) | 1123 (26.9) | 272 (36.4) | 283 (36.2) |
Division | P-value 0.000 | ||||||
 Rajshahi | 447 (15.9) | 331 (17.3) | 199 (11.9) | 114 (11.2) | 404 (14.8) | 75 (12.4) | 64 (10.7) |
 Barisal | 291 (5.2) | 198 (4.9) | 173 (4.8) | 128 (5.4) | 384 (6.9) | 71 (5.6) | 63 (5.3) |
 Chittagong | 394 (17.0) | 301 (17.8) | 228 (15.2) | 154 (16.7) | 433 (17.9) | 87 (16.1) | 101 (22.4) |
 Dhaka | 293 (18.0) | 204 (17.1) | 388 (35.3) | 191 (29.0) | 327 (18.9) | 148 (37.7) | 99 (28.9) |
 Khulna | 416 (12.7) | 332 (14.3) | 204 (9.4) | 171 (13.5) | 447 (13.4) | 63 (8.0) | 96 (13.2) |
 Mymensingh | 415 (10.1) | 252 (8.3) | 207 (8.1) | 116 (7.3) | 315 (7.3) | 67 (7.0) | 47 (5.9) |
 Rangpur | 426 (13.8) | 301 (13.9) | 165 (8.8) | 129 (10.9) | 456 (14.5) | 46 (6.8) | 52 (7.3) |
 Sylhet | 394 (7.2) | 262 (6.5) | 213 (6.5) | 124 (5.9) | 337 (6.2) | 75 (6.5) | 72 (6.3) |
Educational status | P-value 0.000 | ||||||
 No Education/Preschool | 685 (22.5) | 506 (24.7) | 375 (21.7) | 260 (24.6) | 1030 (35.0) | 136 (23.4) | 158 (27.6) |
 Primary | 960 (31.3) | 633 (29.1) | 545 (29.8) | 324 (28.5) | 933 (29.4) | 207 (33.2) | 164 (28.0) |
 Secondary/higher | 1,430 (46.2) | 1,041 (46.2) | 856 (48.5) | 542 (46.8) | 1140 (35.6) | 288 (43.2) | 272 (44.3) |
Working Status | P-value 0.000 | ||||||
 No | 1,134 (36.6) | 726 (32.9) | 661 (38.3) | 438 (37.8) | 1366 (43.1) | 273 (42.6) | 307 (51.1) |
 Yes | 1,942 (63.4) | 1,455 (67.1) | 1,116 (61.7) | 689 (62.2) | 1737 (56.9) | 359 (57.3) | 287 (48.9) |
Occupation Type | P-value 0.000 | ||||||
 Manual | 1,337 (44.6) | 898 (43.0) | 706 (39.7) | 394 (37.2) | 1058 (35.9) | 187 (31.8) | 122 (20.7) |
 Not Manual | 1,731 (55.2) | 1,274 (56.8) | 1,066 (59.4) | 730 (62.4) | 2037 (63.8) | 443 (67.9) | 471 (79.2) |
Wealth Index | P-value 0.000 | ||||||
 Poorest | 740 (23.5) | 460 (21.8) | 351 (18.3) | 165 (15.1) | 542 (18.1) | 88 (13.0) | 47 (8.3) |
 Poorer | 716 (24.6) | 430 (20.6) | 327(18.1) | 184 (16.7) | 578 (19.6) | 86 (13.8) | 50 (9.3) |
 Middle | 632 (21.5) | 448 (22.6) | 328 (18.9) | 232 (20.6) | 610 (20.6) | 105 (16.5) | 87 (15.9) |
 Richer | 556 (18.2) | 396 (17.3) | 349 (20.9) | 251 (22.9) | 620 (20.0) | 135 (23.9) | 129 (21.2) |
 Richest | 432 (12.3) | 447 (17.7) | 422 (23.8) | 295 (24.6) | 753 (21.7) | 218 (32.8) | 281 (45.3) |
Marital Status | P-value 0.000 | ||||||
 Never Married | 472 (14.7) | 279 (11.6) | 256 (13.4) | 100 (8.6) | 158 (4.4) | 48 (7.2) | 8 (1.7) |
 Married | 2,401 (78.9) | 1,739 (81.2) | 1,400 (80.1) | 937 (83.47) | 2382 (77.5) | 526 (84.7) | 479 (82.0) |
 Others (separated, widow) | 203 (6.4) | 163 (7.2) | 121 (6.6) | 90 (8.0) | 563 (18.1) | 58 (8.1) | 107 (16.3) |
Smoking Status | P-value 0.000 | ||||||
 No | 2,606 (85.9) | 1,839 (84.4) | 1,555 (88.6) | 965 (86.9) | 2535 (82.9) | 525 (84.1) | 491 (84.9) |
 Yes | 468 (14.1) | 342 (15.6) | 222 (11.4) | 162 (13.2) | 567 (17.1) | 104 (15.3) | 103 (15.1) |
Body Mass Index (WHO) | P-value 0.000 | ||||||
 Underweight | 794 (25.7) | 309 (14.7) | 404 (22.7) | 113 (10.2) | 373 (11.8) | 86 (14.9) | 31 (5.7) |
 Normal | 1,888 (61.5) | 1,339 (60.6) | 1,084(61.8) | 658 (58.3) | 1609 (51.5) | 345 (54.8) | 257 (44.4) |
 Overweight Obese | 369 (11.9) | 512 (23.7) | 276 (14.8) | 347 (30.7) | 1055 (34.6) | 193 (29.2) | 287 (47.3) |