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Table 3 Multivariable odds ratios (ORs, 95%CI) of prevalence of hypertension and stratified by age

From: The association of periodontal disease and oral health with hypertension, NHANES 2009–2018

 

Cases/total

participants

OR (95% CI)

Model 1

Model 2

Model 3

Oral health

Age < 45

Excellent/ Very good

415/2053

1.00

1.00

1.00

Good

552/2298

1.23(1.04–1.46)

1.12(0.94–1.34)

1.11(0.93–1.33)

Fair

438/1598

1.50(1.25–1.80)

1.32(1.11–1.58)

1.27(1.05–1.53)

Poor

218/640

2.14(1.60–2.86)

1.81(1.35–2.41)

1.71(1.29–2.28)

P-trend

 

< 0.001

< 0.001

< 0.001

Age > = 45

Excellent/ Very good

2770/4716

1.00

1.00

1.00

Good

3205/5238

1.16(1.05–1.29)

1.11(0.99–1.24)

1.10(0.98–1.24)

Fair

2182/3396

1.33(1.15–1.53)

1.26(1.08–1.45)

1.25(1.07–1.46)

Poor

1237/1861

1.45(1.25–1.68)

1.31(1.11–1.54)

1.29(1.07–1.55)

P-trend

 

< 0.001

< 0.001

0.001

P-interation

<0.001

Periodontal disease

Age < 45

No

1243/5381

1.00

1.00

1.00

Yes

380/1208

1.71(1.43–2.04)

1.52(1.29–1.81)

1.51(1.27–1.79)

P-trend

 

< 0.001

< 0.001

< 0.001

Age > = 45

No

7596/12,336

1.00

1.00

1.00

Yes

1798/2875

1.08(0.96–1.21)

1.05(0.93–1.18)

1.05(0.92–1.20)

P-trend

 

0.21

0.444

0.444

P-interation

<0.001

  1. Model 1: adjusted for sex, race/ethnicity, education
  2. Model 2: Model 1 plus BMI, sleep duration, alcohol intake, physical activity, smoking
  3. Model 3: Model 2 plus total cholesterol, creatinine, triglyceride, HbA1c, HDL.