Table 3 Multilevel mixed-effect logistic regression analysis of factors associated with cash, or food received from the PSNP among households in Ethiopia

Media exposure

Yes

2889

282

0.51(0.34, 0.70)^b

-

0.47(0.34, 0.67)

No

4543

881

1

1

Wealth

Poor

2457

646

2.02 (1.61, 2.52)^b

-

1.91(1.52, 2.39)^a

Middle

1448

215

2.70 (1.55, 3.90)

-

2.68 (1.54, 3.90)

Rich

3527

302

1

1

Household head sex

Female

1546

352

1.55 (1.30, 1.84)^b

-

1.51(1.27,1.79)^a

Male

5886

811

1

-

1

Age

25–34 years

1834

198

-

1.45 (1.00, 1.95)^b

-

1.43 (1.02, 2.00)

35–44 years

1767

317

-

2.43 (1.33, 3.26)^b

-

2.41 (1.72, 3.37)^a

 > 44 years

3217

607

-

2.63 (1.76, 3.36)^b

-

2.54 (1.83, 3.51)^a

15–24

609

41

-

1

1

Region

Afar

41

46

-

14.96 (5.6, 40.4)^b

13 (5.07,36)

Amhara

1871

210

-

0.15 (0.06, 0.40)^b

0.14 (0.06, 0.39)^a

Oromia

2793

390

-

0.37 (0.14, .96)^b

.36 (0.12, 0.91)^a

Somali

319

98

-

2.28 (0.84, 6.20)

Benishangul

91

2

-

0.07 (0.02, 0.22)^b

0.06 (0.02, 0.20)

SNNPR

1393

268

-

0.52 (2.1, 1.33)

Gambela

33

2

-

0.42 (0.15, 1.17)

Harari

21

4

-

0.93 (0.33, 2.67)

Addis Ababa

354

22

-

0.74 (0.23, 2.36)

Dire Dawa

45

10

-

2.35 (0.84, 6.62)

Tigray

472

110

1

1

Residency

Rural

5025

923

-

-

3.8 (2.15, 6.94)^b

2.18 (1.21,3.94)^a

Urban

2407

240

1

1

Enrollment in CBHI

Yes

1922

495

-

-

3.24 (2.62,4.01^b

3.34 (2.69,4.16)^a

No

5510

669

-

-

1

1

LLR

-2790

-2658.97

-2732.05

-2598.4

AIC

5584

5337.95

5490.1

5238.8

Variance

0.66

0.60

0.38

0.34

ICC

0.62

0.59

0.47

0.44