Table 2 Percent distribution of experience of spousal physical violence among ever-women (15–49 years) by background characteristics, 2018 DHS, Zambia
From: Determinants of spousal physical violence against women in Zambia: a multilevel analysis
Background Characteristics | DHS 2018 (N = 7,358) | ||
|---|---|---|---|
Experienced spousal physical violence | Did not experience spousal physical violence | p-value | |
Age |  |  | p < 0.05* |
15–19 | 73 (22.9) | 245 (77.1) |  |
20–24 | 283 (24.4) | 876 (75.6) |  |
25–29 | 291 (22.3) | 1015 (77.7) |  |
30–34 | 269 (22.2) | 939 (77.7) |  |
35–39 | 219 (19.2) | 924 (80.8) |  |
40–44 | 152 (18.2) | 682 (81.8) |  |
45–49 | 102 (16.4) | 521 (83.6) |  |
Residence |  |  | p > 0.05 |
Urban | 581 (21.2) | 2158 (78.8) | Â |
Rural | 810 (21.0) | 3047 (79.0) | Â |
Education level |  |  | P < 0.01** |
None | 144 (21.5) | 528 (78.5) | Â |
Primary | 762 (22.9) | 2571 (77.1) | Â |
Secondary | 452 (20.0) | 1806 (80.0) | Â |
Higher | 32 (9.8) | 299 (90.2) | Â |
Wealth status |  |  | p < 0.01** |
Poor | 605 (22.9) | 2036 (77.1) | Â |
Middle | 285 (22.5) | 983 (77.5) | Â |
Rich | 501 (18.7) | 2185 (81.3) | Â |
Age at first marriage |  |  | p < 0.01** |
Less than 15 | 147 (22.5) | 508 (77.5) | Â |
15–19 | 864 (22.6) | 2967 (77.4) |  |
20+ | 379 (18.0) | 1730 (82.0 | Â |
Woman’s employment status |  |  | p > 0.05 |
Not working | 540 (21.5) | 1975 (78.5) | Â |
Working | 851 (20.9) | 3221 (79.1) | Â |
Ownership of mobile phone |  |  | p < 0.001*** |
No | 746 (24.4) | 2311 (75.6) | Â |
Yes | 645 (18.2) | 2894 (81.8) | Â |
Exposure to media |  |  | p < 0.05* |
No | 597 (23.0). | 2000 (77.0) | Â |
Yes | 795 (19.8) | 3206 (80.1) | Â |
Woman decision autonomy |  |  | p < 0.001*** |
No | 840 (24.4) | 2605 (75.6) | Â |
Yes | 551 (17.5) | 2600 (82.5) | Â |
Partner drinks alcohol |  |  | p < 0.001*** |
No | 551 (13.4) | 3556 (86.6) | Â |
Yes | 840 (33.8) | 1649 (66.2) | Â |
Partner has more than one wife |  |  | p < 0.000*** |
No | 934 (19.8) | 3780 (80.2) | Â |
Yes | 181 (29.7) | 431 (70.3) | Â |
Partner jealous |  |  | p < 0.000*** |
No | 262 (9.5) | 2509 (90.5) | Â |
Yes | 1121 (29.7) | 2659 (70.3) | Â |
Partner accuses wife of being unfaithful |  |  | p < 0.001*** |
No | 623 (13.7) | 3942 (86.3) | Â |
Yes | 759 (37.8) | 1247 (62.2) | Â |
Total | 21.1 | 78.9 | Â |