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Table 4 Odd ratios for health outcomes

From: Decomposing inequality in Maternal and Child Health (MCH) services in Nepal

 

< 4ANC visits

No Postnatal Checkup

No SBA delivery

 

2011

2016

2011

2016

2011

2016

Characteristic

OR\(^{a}\)

p-value

OR\(^{a}\)

p-value

OR\(^{a}\)

p-value

OR\(^{a}\)

p-value

OR\(^{a}\)

p-value

OR\(^{a}\)

p-value

Age group

            

    15 to 24

-

 

-

 

-

 

-

 

-

 

-

 

    25 to 34

0.78

0.013

0.76

0.008

0.86

0.15

0.96

0.7

0.88

0.3

0.81

0.038

    35 to 49

0.69

0.052

0.59

0.003

0.82

0.3

0.92

0.6

0.81

0.3

0.72

0.085

Wealth Index

            

    Poorest

-

 

-

 

-

 

-

 

-

 

-

 

    Poorer

0.77

0.077

0.75

0.074

0.78

0.089

0.85

0.2

1.04

0.8

1.17

0.3

    Middle

0.64

0.011

0.57

<0.001

0.58

<0.001

0.70

0.009

1.09

0.7

0.93

0.7

    Richer

0.41

<0.001

0.49

<0.001

0.43

<0.001

0.59

<0.001

0.73

0.2

0.98

>0.9

    Richest

0.23

<0.001

0.45

0.002

0.37

<0.001

0.42

<0.001

0.68

0.2

0.79

0.3

Sex of Household Head

            

    Male

-

 

-

 

-

 

-

 

-

 

-

 

    Female

0.86

0.082

0.86

0.088

0.93

0.5

0.85

0.042

0.96

0.8

0.86

0.13

Marital status

            

    Unmarried

-

 

-

 

-

 

-

 

-

 

-

 

    Married

1.24

0.6

0.47

0.074

1.29

0.5

1.31

0.5

5.28

0.009

0.64

0.3

Place of residence

            

    Urban

-

 

-

 

-

 

-

 

-

 

-

 

    Rural

1.09

0.6

1.27

0.072

1.11

0.4

1.04

0.7

1.15

0.4

1.19

0.3

Ecological zone

            

    Mountain

-

 

-

 

-

 

-

 

-

 

-

 

    Hill

1.24

0.2

1.04

0.9

1.51

0.026

1.38

0.14

1.60

0.046

1.24

0.4

    Terai

1.41

0.070

1.41

0.2

1.57

0.021

1.75

0.015

2.88

<0.001

2.21

0.004

Religion

            

    Hindu

-

 

-

 

-

 

-

 

-

 

-

 

    Buddhist

1.36

0.039

0.91

0.7

1.72

<0.001

0.99

>0.9

1.44

0.3

1.22

0.5

    Muslim

0.87

0.6

1.14

0.6

1.01

>0.9

1.07

0.7

0.99

>0.9

0.67

0.018

    Kirat

1.35

0.5

1.39

0.4

1.60

0.12

0.84

0.6

1.76

0.3

1.13

0.7

    Christain

1.96

0.072

1.43

0.2

1.26

0.5

0.84

0.6

0.53

0.2

1.00

>0.9

Mother’s Education

            

    No education

-

 

-

 

-

 

-

 

-

 

-

 

    Primary

0.58

<0.001

0.69

0.005

0.70

0.001

1.08

0.5

0.84

0.2

0.66

0.001

    Secondary

0.41

<0.001

0.43

<0.001

0.59

<0.001

0.91

0.5

0.51

<0.001

0.60

<0.001

    Higher

0.14

<0.001

0.15

<0.001

0.32

<0.001

0.72

0.031

0.40

0.004

0.44

<0.001

Partner’s Education

            

    Uneducated

-

 

-

 

-

 

-

 

-

 

-

 

    Educated

0.61

<0.001

0.75

0.015

0.61

<0.001

1.11

0.4

0.61

0.004

1.01

>0.9

Occupation

            

    Not working

-

 

-

 

-

 

-

 

-

 

-

 

    Working

0.87

0.2

0.75

0.005

1.00

>0.9

0.78

0.005

0.77

0.12

0.66

<0.001

Distance

            

    Not a problem

-

 

-

 

-

 

-

 

-

 

-

 

    Problem

1.28

0.012

1.12

0.3

1.11

0.3

0.79

0.010

1.45

0.006

1.06

0.6

No. of children

1.37

<0.001

1.33

<0.001

1.21

<0.001

1.15

<0.001

1.10

0.043

1.06

0.15

    Sample size (N)

4,148

3,998

4,148

3,998

3,516

3,762

    AIC

4181.515

4345.18

4603.31

5223.31

3541.59

4067.59

  1. \(^{a}\)OR = Odds Ratio
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