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Table 2 Sources of COVID-19 information, prior experience and risk perception

From: COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy and attitudes in Pakistan: a cross-sectional phone survey of major urban cities

 

Total ( n  = 2270)

Karachi ( n  = 750)

Lahore ( n  = 650)

Islamabad ( n  = 385)

Peshawar ( n  = 385)

Gilgit ( n  = 100)

Source of COVID-19 information

 TV

1251 (55)

401 (53)

396 (61)

196 (51)

198 (51)

60 (60)

 Internet/social media

795 (35)

244 (32)

184 (28)

153 (40)

171 (28)

43 (43)

 Word of mouth/ Family/friends

531 (23)

189 (25)

147 (23)

81 (21)

99 (26)

15 (15)

 Health provider

227 (10)

74 (10)

57 (9)

41 (11)

42 (11)

13 (13)

 Call/SMS

145 (6)

51 (7)

23 (3)

34 (9)

27 (7)

10 (10)

 Newspaper

107 (5)

26 (3)

11 (2)

24 (6)

37 (10)

9 (9)

 Government institutes

76 (3.3)

26 (3.5)

13 (2)

15 (3.9)

9 (2.3)

13 (13)

 Workplace/ Educational institutes

20 (0.9)

7 (0.9)

8 (1.2)

1 (0.3)

2 (0.5)

2 (2)

 Radio

8 (0.4)

4 (0.5)

0 (0)

1 (0.3)

3 (0.8)

0 (0)

 Religious leaders

5 (0.2)

3 (0.4)

0 (0)

1 (0.3)

1 (0.3)

0 (0)

 None

270 (12)

104 (14)

72 (11)

54 (14)

32 (8)

8 (8)

Prior experience of COVID-19

 By the respondent

81 (4)

11 (2)

16 (2)

24 (6)

27 (7)

3 (3)

 By a family member

114 (5)

15 (2)

19 (3)

42 (11)

33 (9)

5 (5)

Hospitalization due to COVID-19

26 (1.2)

1 (0.1)

3 (0.5)

9 (2.3)

12 (3.1)

1 (1)

COVID-19 risk perception

 Yes, extremely risky

1811 (80)

572 (76)

544 (84)

295 (77)

322 (84)

78 (78)

 Moderately risky

193 (8)

66 (9)

44 (7)

42 (11)

27 (7)

14 (14)

 Not risky at all

109 (5)

47 (6)

25 (4)

22 (6)

10 (3)

5 (5)

SOP compliance score

 Low compliance

311 (14)

105 (14)

68 (10)

64 (17)

57 (15)

17 (17)

 Moderate compliance

695 (31)

231 (31)

180 (28)

113 (29)

132 (35)

39 (39)

 High compliance

1255 (55)

414 (55)

397 (62)

207 (54)

193 (50)

44 (44)

  1. Estimates are presented as frequency (%), with the denominator being all those who completed the survey. Where % do not add up to 100, all participants did not respond to that question. Where % exceeds 100, the questions were multi-select