Fig. 5
From: Patterns of global burden of 13 diseases attributable to lead exposure, 1990–2019
Age-standardized burden rate attributable to lead exposure across 21 GBD regions by socio-demographic index for both sexes, 19902019. (A) ASMR; (B) ASDR. The purple line was an adaptive association fitted with adaptive Loess regression based on all data points. GBD, Global Burden of Disease Study; ASMR, age-standardized mortality rate; ASDR, age-standardized disability-adjusted life year rate