Table 1 Baseline characteristics of participants by BMI category and sex: the Tehran lipid and glucose study, 1999–2018
Men n = 3727 | Women n = 4475 | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Normal (n = 1389) | Overweight (n = 1737) | Obese (n = 601) | P value | Normal (n = 999) | Overweight (n = 1867) | Obese (n = 1609) | P value | ||
Continuous variables | |||||||||
Age (years) | 48.4 (13.8) | 48.4 (12.7) | 47.6 (12.5) | 0.359 | 44.1 (12.7) | 46.8 (11.6) | 48.0 (10.6) | < 0.001 | |
BMI (kg/m2) | 22.6 (1.7) | 27.2 (1.3) | 32.4 (2.5) | < 0.001 | 22.8 (1.5) | 27.5 (1.4) | 33.6 (3.3) | < 0.001 | |
Waist circumference (cm) | 82.1 (6.7) | 93.8 (6.1) | 105.0 (7.5) | < 0.001 | 78.4 (7.3) | 89.1 (7.8) | 101.2 (9.1) | < 0.001 | |
Categorical variables | |||||||||
Smoking (%) | |||||||||
Never | 666 (47.9) | 936 (53.9) | 348 (57.9) | < 0.001 | 931 (93.2) | 1727 (92.5) | 1491 (92.7) | 0.193 | |
Past | 217 (15.6) | 302 (17.4) | 102 (17.0) | 16 (1.6) | 56 (3.0) | 38 (2.4) | |||
Current | 506 (36.5) | 499 (28.7) | 151 (25.1) | 52 (5.2) | 84 (4.5) | 80 (5.0) | |||
Marital status (%) | |||||||||
Single | 82 (5.9) | 49 (2.8) | 16 (2.7) | < 0.001 | 99 (9.9) | 41 (2.2) | 31 (1.9) | < 0.001 | |
Married | 1291 (92.9) | 1672 (96.3) | 580 (96.5) | 788 (78.9) | 1588 (85.1) | 1348 (83.8) | |||
Widowed/divorced | 16 (1.2) | 16 (0.9) | 5 (0.8) | 112 (11.2) | 238 (12.7) | 230 (14.3) | |||
Educational level (%) | |||||||||
< 6 years | 411 (29.6) | 520 (29.9) | 205 (34.1) | 0.048 | 377 (37.7) | 868 (46.5) | 919 (57.1) | < 0.001 | |
6–12 | 718 (51.7) | 906 (52.2) | 314 (52.2) | 500 (50.1) | 864 (46.3) | 623 (38.7) | |||
≥ 12 | 260 (18.7) | 311 (17.9) | 82 (13.6) | 122 (12.2) | 135 (7.2) | 67 (4.2) | |||
Physical activity level | |||||||||
High | 414 (29.8) | 495 (28.5) | 168 (28.0) | 0.621 | 316 (31.6) | 631 (33.8) | 475 (29.5) | 0.026 | |
Low | 975 (70.2) | 1242 (71.5) | 433 (72.0) | 683 (68.4) | 1236 (66.2) | 1134 (70.5) | |||