Table 1 Distribution of the variables in female and male respondents.
Variable | Female [n (%)] | Male [n (%)] | \({\chi }^{2} \) | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|
SRH |  |  | 42.1612 | < 0.001 |
 Bad | 4198(57.64) | 3134(52.02) |  |  |
 Good | 3085(42.36) | 2891(47.98) |  |  |
Residence | Â | Â | 12.9040 | 0.002 |
 City | 1535(21.08) | 1405(23.32) |  |  |
 Town | 2388(32.79) | 2001(33.21) |  |  |
 Rural | 3360(46.13) | 2619(43.47) |  |  |
Age (years) |  |  | 387.5999 | < 0.001 |
 < 70 | 702(9.64) | 708(11.75) |  |  |
 70–79 | 1666(22.88) | 1751(29.06) |  |  |
 80–89 | 1819(24.98) | 1689(28.03) |  |  |
 90–99 | 1544(21.20) | 1329(22.06) |  |  |
 ≥ 100 | 1552(21.31) | 548(9.10) |  |  |
Marital status |  |  | 1376.1995 | < 0.001 |
 Married and living with spouse | 2069(28.41) | 3456(57.36) |  |  |
 Widowed | 5100(70.03) | 2292(38.04) |  |  |
 Other | 114(1.57) | 277(4.60) |  |  |
Living status |  |  | 56.5756 | < 0.001 |
 Living with family | 5701(78.28) | 5025(83.40) |  |  |
 Alone | 1353(18.58) | 839(13.93) |  |  |
 Nursing home | 229(3.14) | 161(2.67) |  |  |
BMI (kg/m2) |  |  | 126.7878 | < 0.001 |
 < 18.5 | 1435(19.70) | 784(13.01) |  |  |
 18.5–23.9 | 3614(49.62) | 3221(53.46) |  |  |
 24.0–27.9 | 1553(21.32) | 1529(25.38) |  |  |
 ≥ 28.0 | 681(9.35) | 491(8.15) |  |  |
Self-reported income |  |  | 56.9181 | < 0.001 |
 Poor | 773(10.61) | 616(10.22) |  |  |
 So so | 5260(72.22) | 4062(67.42) |  |  |
 Rich | 1250(17.16) | 1347(22.36) |  |  |
Smoking |  |  | 3797.7262 | < 0.001 |
 Current | 306(4.20) | 1760(29.21) |  |  |
 Ever | 287(3.94) | 1708(28.35) |  |  |
 Never | 6690(91.86) | 2557(42.44) |  |  |
Drinking |  |  | 2093.3853 | < 0.001 |
 Current | 435(5.97) | 1566(25.99) |  |  |
 Ever | 349(4.79) | 1207(20.03) |  |  |
 Never | 6499(89.24) | 3252(53.98) |  |  |
Exercise |  |  | 180.6712 | < 0.001 |
 No | 5307(72.87) | 3732(61.94) |  |  |
 Yes | 1976(27.13) | 2293(38.06) |  |  |
Social activity |  |  | 168.0327 | < 0.001 |
 No | 2600(35.70) | 1522(25.26) |  |  |
 Yes | 4683(64.30) | 4503(74.74) |  |  |
Education (years) |  |  | 1716.7933 | < 0.001 |
 0 | 4215(57.87) | 1343(22.29) |  |  |
 0–6 | 1494(20.51) | 2256(37.44) |  |  |
 ≥ 7 | 1574(21.61) | 2426(40.27) |  |  |