Marginalised social groups differentials in nutritional status (BMI) among reproductive-aged women in West Bengal

Biswas, Sourav; Pramanik, Koushik Roy; Sonowal, C. J.

doi:10.1186/s12889-023-15635-6

BMC Public Health

Table 2 Odds of reproductive-aged SC & ST women by underweight & not underweight BMI, West Bengal, NFHS-5 (2019-21): Result from binary logistic regression analysis

From: Marginalised social groups differentials in nutritional status (BMI) among reproductive-aged women in West Bengal

	Background Characteristics	Scheduled Caste	Scheduled Tribe	Combined Model
Socio-demographic factors	Caste
	Scheduled Caste ®			1[1.00,1.00]
	Scheduled Tribe			1.02^c [0.90,1.12]
	Religion
	Non Hindu ®	1[1.00,1.00]	1[1.00,1.00]	1[1.00,1.00]
	Hindu	2.75^a [1.69,4.47]	1.31[0.97,1.77]	1.61^a [1.26,2.05]
	Place of Residence
	Urban ®	1[1.00,1.00]	1[1.00,1.00]	1[1.00,1.00]
	Rural	1.38^a [1.21,1.57]	1.34[0.82,2.19]	1.35^a [1.19,1.54]
	Wealth Index
	Poorest ®	1[1.00,1.00]	1[1.00,1.00]	1[1.00,1.00]
	Poorer	0.59^a [0.53,0.66]	0.8[0.63,1.02]	0.63^a [0.57,0.69]
	Middle	0.38^a [0.33,0.45]	0.32^a [0.19,0.54]	0.39^a [0.34,0.45]
	Richer	0.36^a [0.29,0.46]	0.30^b [0.13,0.68]	0.37^a [0.30,0.46]
	Richest	0.16^a [0.09,0.27]	0.56[0.12,2.65]	0.17^a [0.10,0.28]
	Age Group
	15–24 ®	1[1.00,1.00]	1[1.00,1.00]	1[1.00,1.00]
	25–34	0.49^a [0.43,0.56]	0.42^a [0.32,0.55]	0.47^a [0.42,0.53]
	35–49	0.31^a [0.27,0.37]	0.33^a [0.24,0.46]	0.31^a [0.27,0.36]
	Education
	No Education ®	1[1.00,1.00]	1[1.00,1.00]	1[1.00,1.00]
	Primary	0.71^a [0.61,0.82]	0.76^c [0.58,0.99]	0.70^a [0.62,0.80]
	Secondary	0.63^a [0.54,0.73]	0.71^c [0.54,0.93]	0.63^a [0.55,0.71]
	Higher	0.37^a [0.28,0.48]	0.12^a [0.05,0.30]	0.33^a [0.26,0.43]
	Marital Status
	Unmarried ®	1[1.00,1.00]	1[1.00,1.00]	1[1.00,1.00]
	Married	0.66^a [0.55,0.80]	0.88[0.62,1.25]	0.69^a [0.58,0.81]
	Others	0.67^b [0.50,0.90]	1.14[0.71,1.84]	0.78[0.61,1.00]
	Parity
	0 ®	1[1.00,1.00]	1[1.00,1.00]	1[1.00,1.00]
	1 to 2	0.66^a [0.55,0.80]	1.1[0.79,1.53]	0.76^a [0.65,0.89]
	2 & more	0.72^b [0.57,0.90]	1.2[0.82,1.75]	0.83^c [0.68,1.00]
	Family Size
	< 4 ®	1[1.00,1.00]	1[1.00,1.00]	1[1.00,1.00]
	4 & More	1.27^a [1.13,1.43]	0.99[0.79,1.24]	1.20^a [1.08,1.32]
Food & dietary habits	Milk or curd
	Never ®	1[1.00,1.00]	1[1.00,1.00]	1[1.00,1.00]
	Daily	0.80^b [0.68,0.94]	1.11[0.81,1.53]	0.88[0.76,1.01]
	Weekly	0.69^a [0.60,0.80]	0.70^c [0.53,0.94]	0.72^a [0.64,0.82]
	Occasionally	0.76^a [0.66,0.87]	1.16[0.92,1.45]	0.86^b [0.76,0.96]
	Pulses or beans
	Never ®	1[1.00,1.00]	1[1.00,1.00]	1[1.00,1.00]
	Daily	1[0.70,1.42]	1.22[0.57,2.65]	1.03[0.75,1.41]
	Weekly	0.96[0.67,1.36]	0.89[0.41,1.91]	0.93[0.68,1.27]
	Occasionally	1.1[0.75,1.62]	0.74[0.33,1.67]	0.96[0.68,1.35]
	Dark green leafy vegetables
	Daily ®	1[1.00,1.00]	1[1.00,1.00]	1[1.00,1.00]
	Weekly	0.96[0.86,1.08]	1.64^a [1.33,2.03]	1.1[1.00,1.22]
	Occasionally	0.79[0.60,1.03]	1.46[0.87,2.45]	0.91[0.72,1.15]
	Fruits
	Never ®	1[1.00,1.00]	1[1.00,1.00]	1[1.00,1.00]
	Daily	1.48^b [1.10,2.00]	0.67[0.35,1.32]	1.31^c [1.01,1.71]
	Weekly	0.99[0.79,1.24]	1.03[0.72,1.48]	1[0.83,1.21]
	Occasionally	1.14[0.93,1.40]	0.91[0.68,1.22]	1.09[0.92,1.29]
	Eggs
	Never ®	1[1.00,1.00]	1[1.00,1.00]	1[1.00,1.00]
	Daily	0.70^c [0.52,0.95]	1.09[0.67,1.79]	0.76^c [0.59,0.97]
	Weekly	0.84[0.65,1.10]	0.57^b [0.39,0.84]	0.78^c [0.63,0.97]
	Occasionally	0.84[0.63,1.11]	0.43^a [0.28,0.66]	0.73^b [0.58,0.92]
	Fish
	Never ®	1[1.00,1.00]	1[1.00,1.00]	1[1.00,1.00]
	Daily	0.74[0.48,1.15]	0.95[0.46,1.95]	0.8[0.56,1.16]
	Weekly	0.85[0.55,1.31]	1.07[0.54,2.13]	0.92[0.64,1.31]
	Occasionally	0.9[0.57,1.41]	1.56[0.77,3.18]	1.05[0.72,1.52]
	Chicken or meat
	Never ®	1[1.00,1.00]	1[1.00,1.00]	1[1.00,1.00]
	Daily	1.12[0.66,1.92]	1.11[0.42,2.88]	1.17[0.74,1.85]
	Weekly	1.38^c [1.00,1.91]	1.67[0.90,3.10]	1.44^c [1.09,1.91]
	Occasionally	1.39^c [1.01,1.92]	1.51[0.81,2.82]	1.42^c [1.07,1.88]
	Fried foods
	Never ®	1[1.00,1.00]	1[1.00,1.00]	1[1.00,1.00]
	Daily	1.21[0.91,1.61]	1.13[0.68,1.88]	1.19[0.94,1.52]
	Weekly	1.26[0.96,1.66]	0.98[0.61,1.57]	1.17[0.93,1.48]
	Occasionally	1.17[0.89,1.54]	1.06[0.67,1.69]	1.12[0.89,1.42]
	Aerated drinks
	Never ®	1[1.00,1.00]	1[1.00,1.00]	1[1.00,1.00]
	Daily	0.73[0.47,1.12]	0.21[0.03,1.45]	0.68[0.45,1.03]
	Weekly	0.89[0.74,1.08]	1.08[0.72,1.60]	0.92[0.78,1.09]
	Occasionally	0.9[0.80,1.01]	0.94[0.77,1.15]	0.92[0.83,1.01]
Alcohol & smoking habits	Smoke
	No ®	1[1.00,1.00]	1[1.00,1.00]	1[1.00,1.00]
	Yes	0.84[0.14,4.99]	8.60^c [1.56,47.33]	2.65[0.96,7.29]
	Drink Alcohol
	No ®	1[1.00,1.00]	1[1.00,1.00]	1[1.00,1.00]
	Yes	2.12^b [1.33,3.37]	1.06[0.70,1.61]	1.41^c [1.04,1.90]
Geographic factor	Region
	North Bengal ®	1[1.00,1.00]	1[1.00,1.00]	1[1.00,1.00]
	Middle Bengal	1.22^b [1.05,1.42]	0.82[0.62,1.07]	1.12[0.98,1.27]
	South Bengal	1[0.88,1.13]	0.74^c [0.58,0.94]	0.93[0.84,1.04]
	Observation	5,961	1496	7457

^aSignificant at 1%, ^bSignificant at 5%, ^cSignificant at 10%

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