Table 2 Health status of the study population (n = 98) according to the nutritional status

Diagnosed conditions

 Comorbidity ^a

None

20.0 (19)

14.3 (3)

21.6 (16)

0.043

1 condition

11.6 (11)

-

14.9 (11)

2 conditions

14.3 (14)

28.6 (6) ^c

10.8 (8)

3 or more conditions

53.7 (51)

57.1 (12)

52.7 (39)

 Chronic diseases ^a

Hypertension

51.6 (49)

42.9 (9)

54.1 (40)

0.365

Cardiovascular

32.6 (31)

47.6 (10)

28.4 (21)

0.097

Vascular

32.6 (31)

33.3 (7)

32.4 (24)

0.938

Arthrosis

32.6 (31)

28.6 (6)

33.8 (25)

0.653

Poliomyelitis

25.3 (24)

28.6 (6)

24.3 (18)

0.693

Osteoporosis

17.9 (17)

14.3 (3)

18.9 (14)

0.625

Diabetes

17.9 (17)

23.8 (5)

16.2 (12)

0.423

Depression

14.7 (14)

9.5 (2)

16.2 (12)

0.445

Lung

12.6 (12)

19.0 (4)

10.8 (8)

0.316

Ménière´s syndrome

8.4 (8)

14.3 (3)

6.8 (5)

0.273

Arthritis

7.4 (7)

19.0 (4) ^c

4.1 (3)

0.020

Cancer

6.3 (6)

14.3 (3)

4.1 (3)

0.089

Other osteoarticular

5.3 (5)

9.5 (2)

4.1 (3)

0.322

Parkinson´s disease

2.1 (2)

-

2.7 (2)

0.446

Epilepsy

1.1 (1)

-

4.8 (1)

0.059

 Other disorders ^a

Nocturia

65.2 (58)

75.0 (15)

62.3 (43)

0.295

Balance

58.4 (52)

80.0 (16) ^c

52.2 (36)

0.026

Dizziness

52.8 (47)

65.0 (13)

49.3 (34)

0.215

Vision

43.8 (39)

50.0 (10)

42.0 (29)

0.527

Feet

38.2 (34)

50.0 (10)

34.8 (24)

0.217

Audition

38.2 (34)

30.0 (6)

40.6 (28)

0.391

Urinary incontinence

23.9 (21)

35.0 (7)

20.6 (14)

0.184

Medication

 Polypharmacy (≥ 5 drugs) ^a

Dk/Da

30.6 (30)

45.5 (10)

26.3 (20)

0.228

No

53.1 (52)

40.9 (9)

56.6 (43)

Yes

16.3 (16)

13.6.0 (3)

17.1 (13)

 Drugs ^a

Dk/Da

31.6 (31)

45.5 (10)

27.6 (21)

0.333

Psychotropic/ anxiolytic

3.1 (3)

4.5 (1)

2.6 (2)

Mixture ^e

3.1 (3)

4.5 (1)

2.6 (2)

Other drugs

62.2 (61)

45.5 (10)

67.1 (51)

Body composition/metabolism

 BMI ^a

 < 25

22.7 (22)

36.4 (8)

18.7 (14)

0.081

 > 25

77.3 (75)

63.6 (14)

81.3 (61)

 Waist perimeter (cm) ^b

-

99.98 ± 10.59

97.08 ± 13.04

100.83 ± 9.70

0.145

 Thigh perimeter (cm) ^b

-

105.74 ± 10.04

106.55 ± 12.61

105.50 ± 9.25

0.719

 Body fat (%) ^b

-

34.20 ± 11.77

35.59 ± 10.46

33.93 ± 11.34

0.702

 Muscle mass (kg) ^b

-

27.17 ± 5.90

25.26 ± 6.51

27.53 ± 5.78

0.292

 Visceral fat level ^b

-

12.71 ± 4.41

11.00 ± 3.91

13.04 ± 4.46

0.205

 Basal metabolic rate (kcal) ^b

-

1412.59 ± 151.71

1386.67 ± 183.99

1417.55 ± 146.54

0.580

Sleep

 Sleeping hours ^a

Dk/Da

37.8 (37)

27.3 (6)

40.8 (31)

0.347

 < 8

11.2 (11)

18.2 (4)

9.2 (7)

 > 8

51.0 (50)

54.5 (12)

50.0 (38)

 Daytime sleepiness ^a

Normal

94.6 (88)

95.5 (21)

94.4 (67)

0.843

Excessive

5.4 (5)

4.5 (1)

5.6 (4)

Cognitive state ^a

Dementia

6.3 (6)

18.2 (4) ^c

2.7 (2)

0.035

Cognitive impairment

54.7 (52)

59.1 (13)

53.4 (39)

Suspected pathology

20.0 (19)

9.1 (2)

23.3 (17)

Normal cognition

18.9 (18)

13.6 (3)

20.5 (15)

Falls

 6 months ^a

-

25.3 (24)

40.9 (9) ^c

20.5 (15)

0.054

 12 months ^a

-

40.0 (38)

50.0 (11)

37.0 (27)

0.275

 Falls with injuries ^a

-

22.1 (21)

45.5 (10) ^c

15.1 (11)

0.003

 Types of injuries ^a

Minor

Edema

14.9 (14)

18.2 (4)

13.7 (10)

0.603

Excoriation

9.6 (9)

18.2 (4)

6.8 (5)

0.112

Others

1.1 (1)

4.5 (1)

4.1 (3)

0.929

Serious

Edema

5.3 (5)

13.6 (3) ^c

2.7 (2)

0.045

Fracture

5.3 (5)

4.5 (1)

5.5 (4)

0.863

Abrasion

1.1 (1)

-

1.4 (1)

0.581

Distention

1.1 (1)

4.5 (1)

-

0.067

 Fear of falling ^a

Low concern

25.0 (23)

18.2 (4)

27.1 (19)

0.188

Moderate concern

37.0 (34)

27.3 (6)

40.0 (28)

High concern

38.0 (35)

54.5 (12)

32.9 (23)

Degree of dependence

Dk/Da

10.2 (10)

4.5 (1)

11.8 (9)

0.148

Moderate dependence

64.3 (63)

81.8 (18)

59.2 (45)

Independence

25.5 (25)

13.6 (3)

28.9 (22)