Table 1 Demographic and lifestyle characteristics and mean values of BP, FBG, and anthropometric measurements among the study population
Characteristic | Rural area | Urban area | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Male (n = 741) | Female (n = 860) | All (n = 1601) | Male (n = 752) | Female (n = 872) | All (n = 1624) | |
Age group (%) | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
60–64 years | 152(20.5) | 208(24.2) | 360(22.5) | 151(20.1) | 212(24.3) | 363(22.4) |
65–69 years | 195(26.3) | 209(24.3) | 404(25.2) | 208(27.7) | 213(24.4) | 421(25.9) |
70–74 years | 153(20.6) | 201(23.4) | 354(22.1) | 154(20.5) | 205(23.5) | 359(22.1) |
75–79 years | 136(18.4) | 145(16.9) | 281(17.6) | 137(18.2) | 142(16.3) | 279(17.2) |
80–84 years | 73(9.9) | 69(8.0) | 142(8.9) | 69(9.2) | 68(7.8) | 137(8.4) |
85–89 years | 25(3.4) | 25(2.9) | 50(3.1) | 25(3.3) | 26(2.7) | 51(3.1) |
≥ 90 years | 7(0.9) | 3(0.3) | 10(0.6) | 8(1.1) | 9(0.7) | 14(0.9) |
Level of education (%) | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Primary (grade 1–6) or lower | 362(48.9) | 597(69.4)* | 959(59.9) | 11(1.5)** | 28(3.2)** | 39(2.4)** |
Middle (grade 7–9) or higher | 379(51.1) | 263(30.6) | 642(40.1) | 741(98.5) | 844(96.8) | 1585(97.6) |
Current smokers (%) | 365(49.3) | 6(0.7) | 371(23.2) | 274(36.4)** | 6(0.7) | 280(17.2)** |
Current drinkers (%) | 239(32.3) | 7(0.8) | 246(15.4) | 248(33.0) | 4(0.5) | 252(15.5) |
Obesity (%) | 28(3.8) | 46(5.3) | 74(4.6) | 125(16.6)** | 124(14.2)** | 249(15.3)** |
Central obesity (%) | 261(35.2) | 469(54.5) | 730(45.6) | 544(72.3)** | 691(79.2)** | 1235(76.0)** |
Hypertension (%) | 333(44.3) | 331(38.0) | 664(40.9) | 299(40.4) | 397(46.2) | 696(43.5) |
Diagnosed hypertension by a health professional (%) | 203(27.4) | 274 (31.9) | 477 (29.8) | 296 (39.4) | 345(39.6) | 641 (39.5)** |
Physical inactivity (%) | 44(5.9) | 54(6.3) | 98(6.1) | 66(8.8)* | 83(9.5)* | 149(9.2)* |
Height (cm, mean ± SD) | 162.3 ± 7.3 | 151.5 ± 6.6 | 156.5 ± 8.8 | 164.9 ± 6.0* | 153.6 ± 6.2* | 158.8 ± 8.3* |
Weight (kg, mean ± SD) | 57.5 ± 9.8 | 51.1 ± 9.3 | 54.0 ± 10.0 | 68.4 ± 9.9** | 58.5 ± 8.2** | 63.0 ± 10.3** |
Waist circumference (cm, mean ± SD) | 81.3 ± 9.8 | 80.6 ± 9.8 | 80.9 ± 9.8 | 89.7 ± 8.1** | 86.1 ± 8.3** | 87.8 ± 8.4** |
BMI (kg/m2, mean ± SD) | 21.8 ± 3.5 | 22.2 ± 3.6 | 22.0 ± 3.6 | 25.1 ± 3.1** | 24.8 ± 3.6** | 25.0 ± 3.4** |
Systolic BP (mm Hg, mean ± SD) | 125.0 ± 19.3 | 126.2 ± 19.2 | 125.6 ± 19.3 | 136.4 ± 17.5 | 135.0 ± 16.3 | 135.7 ± 16.9 |
Diastolic BP (mm Hg, mean ± SD) | 78.8 ± 11.8 | 79.5 ± 11.2 | 79.2 ± 11.5 | 82.6 ± 11.2 | 79.0 ± 9.8 | 80.7 ± 10.6 |
FBG (mmol/l, mean ± SD) | 5.9 ± 1.5 | 6.2 ± 2.2 | 6.1 ± 1.9 | 6.7 ± 2.6** | 6.7 ± 2.2** | 6.7 ± 2.4** |