Table 2 The mechanisms of factors associated with PHI enrollments in each household group

Normal health

-0.44 (0.15)^c

-0.2 (0.15)

-0.58 (0.05)^c

-0.35 (0.05)^c

-0.50 (0.11)^c

-0.24 (0.13)^a

Age group (reference: Age 0—19)

 Age 20—39

-1.99 (0.25)^c

-1.88 (0.32)^c

-1.63 (0.08)^c

-1.62 (0.08)^c

-0.75 (0.17)^c

-0.43 (0.21)^b

 Age 40—59

-1.17 (0.30)^c

-1.08 (0.37)^c

-1.18 (0.08)^c

-1.14 (0.09)^c

-0.72 (0.20)^c

-0.51 (0.22)^b

 Age 60 + 

-0.41 (0.35)

-0.52 (0.43)

-0.26 (0.10)^c

-0.29 (0.10)^c

-0.15 (0.20)

-0.14 (0.25)

Female

0.05 (0.09)

-0.004 (0.12)

-0.02 (0.03)

-0.03 (0.03)

-0.02 (0.06)

-0.04 (0.08)

Minor ethnicity

0.93 (0.44)^b

0.49 (0.27)^a

1.30 (0.13)^c

0.91 (0.11)^c

1.79 (0.17)^c

1.36 (0.22)^c

Married

0.32 (0.18)

0.26 (0.20)

-0.12 (0.06)^b

-0.03 (0.06)

-0.31 (0.14)^b

-0.32 (0.17)^a

Employment status (reference: Being-employed)

 Self-employed

-0.65 (0.18)^c

0.19 (0.16)

-0.05 (0.06)

0.10 (0.05)^b

0.03 (0.11)

0.23 (0.13)^a

 Not-employed

0.46 (0.22)^b

1.60 (0.27)^c

1.08 (0.08)^c

1.09 (0.08)^c

0.88 (0.16)^c

0.72 (0.18)^c

Education of the household head (reference: primary school or lower)

 Secondary or high school

0.27 (0.17)

0.53 (0.19)^c

0.45 (0.05)^c

0.50 (0.05)^c

-0.08 (0.13)

0.02 (0.16)

 College or higher

0.50 (0.22)^b

0.98 (0.21)^c

1.79 (0.14)^c

1.42 (0.12)^c

na

0.42 (1.24)

Household income (in natural log)

-0.15 (0.20)

-0.03 (0.22)

0.14 (0.07)^b

-0.08 (0.06)

-0.78 (0.19)^c

0.03 (0.13)

Household size

0.05 (0.05)

0.06 (0.05)

-0.01 (0.02)

0.02 (0.02)

-0.07 (0.03)^b

-0.09 (0.04)^b

Rural residence

0.08 (0.17)

0.20 (0.17)

-0.001 (0.06)

0.08 (0.06)

0.12 (0.15)

0.58 (0.21)^c

constant

1.61 (0.39)^c

0.56 (0.44)

1.16 (0.12)^c

1.09 (0.12)^c

1.59 (0.27)^c

1.31 (0.35)^c

Pseudo R²

0.13

0.18

0.20

0.17

0.17

0.10

Obs

2,814

2,546

24,932

27,103

8,311

6,138