Table 4 Baseline characteristics of the participants across tertiles of SD for fasting plasma glucose in Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis study
Characteristics | With diabetes ( n  = 521) | T1 ( n  = 176) | T2 ( n  = 172) | T3 ( n  = 173) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age (year) | 63.21 ± 9.13 | 64.85 ± 8.82 | 64.67 ± 8.85 | 60.10 ± 8.96 |  < 0.001 |
Sex (women) | 236 (45.30) | 83 (47.16) | 72 (41.86) | 81 (46.82) | 0.541 |
Marital status (married) | 320 (61.42) | 108 (61.36) | 110 (63.95) | 102 (58.96) | 0.635 |
Education (high school and more) | 281 (53.93) | 105 (59.66) | 86 (50.00) | 90 (52.02) | 0.161 |
Antihypertensive drug | 317 (60.84) | 106 (60.23) | 114 (66.28) | 97 (56.07) | 0.148 |
Lipid-lowering drug | 142 (27.26) | 47 (26.70) | 47 (27.33) | 48 (27.75) | 0.976 |
Current smoking | 259 (49.71) | 82 (46.59) | 88 (51.16) | 89 (51.45) | 0.595 |
Moderate-high physical activity | 279 (53.55) | 96 (54.55) | 91 (52.51) | 92 (53.18) | 0.947 |
BMI (Kg/m2) | 30.51 ± 5.63 | 29.59 ± 5.18 | 30.88 ± 6.05 | 31.08 ± 5.58 | 0.028 |
WC (cm) | 104.67 ± 14.19 | 102.84 ± 13.17 | 105.77 ± 15.06 | 105.43 ± 14.20 | 0.107 |
SBP (mmHg) | 130.45 ± 20.19 | 129.15 ± 20.94 | 133.31 ± 19.96 | 128.95 ± 19.44 | 0.077 |
DBP (mmHg) | 71.70 ± 9.39 | 70.91 ± 10.15 | 71.91 ± 8.65 | 72.29 ± 9.29 | 0.366 |
eGFR (mL/min/1.73 m2) | 91.86 ± 20.19 | 88.19 ± 16.99 | 89.37 ± 19.02 | 98.06 ± 22.79 |  < 0.001 |
FPG (mg/dl) | 150.22 ± 53.21 | 127.13 ± 31.31 | 142.42 ± 39.19 | 181.46 ± 66.68 |  < 0.001 |
FPG at phase 3 (mg/dl) | 153.43 ± 58.79 | 126.86 ± 30.96 | 141.61 ± 36.31 | 192.23 ± 76.08 |  < 0.001 |
FPG at phase 4 (mg/dl) | 141.00 ± 50.74 | 127.35 ± 30.08 | 137.37 ± 39.12 | 158.49 ± 69.49 |  < 0.001 |
Anti-diabetic drug at baseline | 390 (74.86) | 128 (72.73) | 134 (77.91) | 128 (73.99) | 0.511 |
|  | Without diabetes (n = 3,769) | T1 (n = 1,278) | T2 (n = 1,253) | T3 (n = 1,238) | P value |
Age (year) | 60.41 ± 9.89 | 60.78 ± 9.83 | 60.62 ± 9.91 | 59.83 ± 9.90 | 0.036 |
Sex (women) | 1,968 (52.22) | 685 (53.60) | 631 (50.36) | 652 (52.67) | 0.245 |
Marital status (married) | 2,394 (63.52) | 804 (62.91) | 815 (65.04) | 775 (62.60) | 0.385 |
Education (high school and more) | 2,630 (69.78) | 885 (69.25) | 873 (69.67) | 872 (70.44) | 0.806 |
Antihypertensive drug | 1,059 (28.10) | 349 (27.31) | 338 (26.98) | 372 (30.05) | 0.173 |
Lipid-lowering drug | 490 (13.00) | 154 (12.05) | 159 (12.69) | 177 (14.30) | 0.227 |
Current smoking | 1,858 (49.30) | 591 (46.24) | 642 (51.24) | 625 (50.48) | 0.025 |
Moderate-high physical activity | 2321 (61.58) | 797 (62.36) | 763 (60.89) | 761 (61.47) | 0.746 |
BMI (Kg/m2) | 27.57 ± 4.99 | 27.08 ± 4.80 | 27.40 ± 4.85 | 28.24 ± 5.25 |  < 0.001 |
WC (cm) | 95.77 ± 13.52 | 94.56 ± 12.95 | 95.45 ± 13.27 | 97.34 ± 14.18 |  < 0.001 |
SBP (mmHg) | 122.92 ± 20.21 | 123.13 ± 20.37 | 122.65 ± 19.95 | 122.97 ± 20.31 | 0.834 |
DBP (mmHg) | 71.55 ± 10.03 | 71.63 ± 10.00 | 71.25 ± 9.84 | 71.79 ± 10.24 | 0.388 |
eGFR (mL/min/1.73 m2) | 82.29 ± 13.76 | 82.31 ± 13.56 | 82.14 ± 13.40 | 82.42 ± 14.34 | 0.875 |
FPG (mg/dl) | 87.51 ± 8.90 | 88.80 ± 7.45 | 87.67 ± 8.38 | 87.06 ± 10.63 | 0.089 |
FPG at phase 3 (mg/dl) | 90.64 ± 8.58 | 88.56 ± 7.17 | 89.88 ± 7.63 | 93.57 ± 9.83 |  < 0.001 |
FPG at phase 4 (mg/dl) | 90.22 ± 8.71 | 88.39 ± 7.33 | 89.81 ± 8.18 | 92.52 ± 9.96 |  < 0.001 |