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Table 4 Random effect results for the association between married women’s decision-making autonomy and health insurance: Evidence from 28 sub-Saharan African countries Demographics and Health Surveys (N = 226,734)

From: Association between women’s household decision-making autonomy and health insurance enrollment in sub-saharan Africa

Random effect

Model 0

Model I

Model II

Model III

PSU variance (95% CI)

4.81 (4.14–5.58)

3.67 (3.08–4.38)

3.28 (2.79–3.85)

3.65 (3.07–4.34)

ICC

0.59

0.52

0.50

0.52

Wald chi-square and p-value

Ref

χ2 = 398.44, p < 0.001

χ2 = 390.58, p < 0.001

χ2 = 518.64, p < 0.001

Model fitness

    

Log-likelihood

-12242.85

-9159.73

-11897.726

-9140.49

AIC

24489.71

18367.47

23813.45

18340.98

N

    
  1. Notes: *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; **p < 0.001; Ref = reference category; AIC = Akaike Information Criterion; PSU = Primary Sampling Unit; N = total observation; ICC = Intra-class correlation coefficient