Factors | N (%) | SEA M (SD) | OEA M (SD) | UOE M (SD) | ROE M (SD) | WLEIS overall M (SD) | Concern M (SD) | Control M (SD) | Curiosity M (SD) | Confidence M (SD) | CAAS Overall M (SD) | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
All | 500 (100%) | 4.10 (.53) | 3.12 (1.06) | 3.53 (.69) | 3.73 (.47) | 3.62 (.50) | 3.70 (.55) | 3.52 (.55) | 2.75 (.75) | 3.71 (.81) | 3.42 (.50) | ||||||||
Year of data collection | |||||||||||||||||||
 2019 | 256 (51.2%) | 4.10 (.54) | 3.11 (1.05) | 3.57 (.70) | 3.73 (.48) | 3.63 (.50) | 3.69 (.55) | 3.52 (.55) | 2.74 (.75) | 3.72 (.81) | 3.42 (.50) | ||||||||
 2020 | 244 (48.8%) | 4.10 (.53) | 3.13 (1.06) | 3.49 (.69) | 3.73 (.48) | 3.61 (.49) | 3.72 (.54) | 3.52 (.56) | 2.77 (.75) | 3.70 (.81) | 3.43 (.51) | ||||||||
 |  | t = .03 | t = -.22 | t = 1.55 | t = -.07 | t = .41 | t = -.07 | t = .14 | t = -.54 | t = .17 | t = -.27 | ||||||||
Age | |||||||||||||||||||
 22 and below | 134 (26.8%) | 4.04 .52 | 3.06 1.07 | 3.55 .70 | 3.67 .51 | 3.58 .50 | 3.73 .55 | 3.45 .58 | 2.63 .76 | 3.68 .83 | 3.37 .51 | ||||||||
 23 | 160 (32%) | 4.13 .55 | 3.17 1.09 | 3.54 .72 | 3.75 .46 | 3.65 .51 | 3.68 .55 | 3.53 .55 | 2.89 .76 | 3.75 .79 | 3.46 .51 | ||||||||
 24 | 119 (23.8%) | 4.11 .52 | 3.13 1.04 | 3.44 .62 | 3.78 .46 | 3.62 .47 | 3.64 .56 | 3.56 .56 | 2.77 .72 | 3.72 .81 | 3.42 .51 | ||||||||
 25 | 87 (17.4%) | 4.11 .52 | 3.09 1.03 | 3.59 .70 | 3.73 .46 | 3.63 .49 | 3.80 .51 | 3.56 .53 | 2.67 .69 | 3.68 .81 | 3.43 .48 | ||||||||
 |  | F (3, 499) = .70 | F (4, 499) =.29 | F (4, 499) =.10 | F (4, 499) =1.24 | F (4, 499) =.48 | F (4, 499) =1.70 | F (4, 499) =1.07 | F (4, 499) =3.59 | F (4, 499) =.25 | F (4, 499) =.80 | ||||||||
Gender | |||||||||||||||||||
 Male | 249 (49.8%) | 3.98 (.48) | 3.05 (1.02) | 3.50 (.70) | 3.67 (.46) | 3.55 (.48) | 3.67 (.58) | 3.44 (.56) | 2.64 (.73) | 3.56 (.76) | 3.33 (.48) | ||||||||
 Female | 251 (50.2%) | 4.22 (0.56) | 3.18 (1.09) | 3.56 (.69) | 3.80 (.47) | 3.69 (.50) | 3.74 (.52) | 3.60 (.54) | 2.87 (.75) | 3.86 (.82) | 3.52 (.51) | ||||||||
 |  | t =-5.04** | t =-1.38 | t =-.95 | t =-3.16* | t =-3.16* | t =-1.30 | t =-3.25* | t =-3.42* | t =-4.34** | t =-4.28** | ||||||||
Universities | |||||||||||||||||||
 X | 249 (49.8%) | 4.10 (.55) | 3.10 (1.08) | 3.50 (.71) | 3.74 (.48) | 3.61 (.51) | 3.73 (.53) | 3.52 (.57) | 2.76 (.74) | 3.72 (.82) | 3.43 (.51) | ||||||||
 Y | 251 (50.2%) | 4.10 (.52) | 3.14 (1.04) | 3.55 (.68) | 3.73 (.47) | 3.63 (.48) | 3.68 (.56) | 3.52 (.54) | 2.75 (.75) | 3.70 (.80) | 3.41 (.50) | ||||||||
 |  | t =-.19 | t = -.44 | t = -.76 | t =.19 | t =-.51 | t =.99 | t =-.13 | t =.25 | t =.32 | t =.45 | ||||||||
Religious beliefs | |||||||||||||||||||
 With | 142 | 4.44 | 3.62 | 3.77 | 3.94 | 3.94 | 3.84 | 3.71 | 2.94 | 4.23 | 3.68 | ||||||||
 | (28.4%) | (.44) | (.95) | (.67) | (.39) | (.40) | (.47) | (.47) | (.75) | (.72) | (.42) | ||||||||
 Without | 358 | 3.97 | 2.92 | 3.43 | 3.65 | 3.49 | 3.65 | 3.45 | 2.68 | 3.51 | 3.32 | ||||||||
 | (71.6%) | (.51) | (1.03) | (.68) | (.48) | (.47) | (.57) | (.57) | (.73) | (.74) | (.50) | ||||||||
 | t = 9.65** |  | t = 6.99** | t = 5.16** | t = 6.40** | t = 10.05** | t = 3.41* | t = 4.91** | t = 3.52** | t = 9.93** | t = 7.56** |