Table 1 Demographic characteristics of the study sample by sex difference
Variables | (%) N = 418 | Male (%) n = 134 | Female (%) n = 284 | \({\varvec{x}}^{2}\) | p-Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age group | 2.75 | 0.25 | |||
60–70 | 260 (62.2) | 79 (59.0) | 181 (63.7) | ||
71–80 | 101 (24.2) | 39 (29.1) | 62 (21.8) | ||
Above 81 | 57 (13.6) | 16 (11.9) | 41 (14.4) | ||
Mean age (SD) | 69.9 ± 8.8 | ||||
Marital status | 68.87 | 0.001 | |||
¥ Married | 189 (45.2) | 100 (74.6) | 89 (31.3) | ||
# Single | 229 (54.8) | 34 (25.4) | 195 (68.7) | ||
Educational status | |||||
Formal education | 192 (45.9) | 81 (60.4) | 111 (39.1) | 16.73 | 0.001 |
No formal education | 226 (54.1) | 53 (39.6) | 173 (60.9) | ||
Religion | |||||
Christianity | 167 (39.9) | 56 (41.8) | 111 (39.1) | 1.64 | 0.44 |
Islam | 243 (58.1) | 74 (55.2) | 169 (59.5) | ||
Traditional religion | 8 (1.9) | 4 (2.9) | 4 (1.4) | ||
Current Employment status | 0.12 | 0.72 | |||
Employed | 117 (27.9) | 39 (29.1) | 78 (27.5) | ||
Not employed | 301 (72.1) | 95 (70.9) | 206 (72.5) | ||
Wealth Tercile | |||||
Lower class | 149 (36.1) | 32 (24.8) | 117 (41.2) | 12.55 | 0.002 |
Middle class | 135 (32.7) | 44 (34.1) | 91 (32.0) | ||
High class | 129 (31.2) | 53 (41.1) | 76 (26.8) | ||
Ever Smoke | 27.51 | 0.001 | |||
No | 362 (86.6) | 99 (73.9) | 263 (92.6) | ||
Yes | 56 (13.4) | 35 (26.1) | 21 (7.4) | ||
Consume Alcohol | 31.46 | 0.001 | |||
No | 358 (85.7) | 96 (71.6) | 262 (92.2) | ||
Yes | 60 (14.4) | 38 (28.4) | 22 (7.8) | ||
Hypertension | 26.55 | 0.001 | |||
No | 201 (48.1) | 89 (66.4) | 112 (39.4) | ||
Yes | 217 (51.9) | 45 (33.6) | 172 (60.6) | ||
Diabetes | 8.09 | 0.004 | |||
No | 353 (84.5) | 123 (91.8) | 230 (80.9) | ||
Yes | 65 (15.5) | 11 (8.2) | 54 (19.1) | ||
Ever suffer stroke | 1.83 | 0.176 | |||
No | 401 (95.9) | 126 (94.0) | 272 (96.3) | ||
Yes | 17 (4.1) | 8 (6.0) | 9 (3.7) | ||
Other Chronic condition | 3.99 | 0.046 | |||
No | 360 (86.1) | 122 (91.0) | 238 (83.8) | ||
Yes | 58 (13.9) | 12 (9.0) | 46 (16.2) | ||
Taking of medication for chronic conditions | |||||
No | 58 (22.8) | 18 (30.0) | 40 (20.5) | 2.35 | 0.125 |
Yes | 197 (77.2) | 42 (70.0) | 155 (79.5) | ||
Caretaker available | 2.66 | 0.10 | |||
No | 306 (73.2) | 105 (78.4) | 201 (70.8) | ||
Yes | 112 (26.8) | 29 (21.6) | 83 (29.2) | ||
Number of Hours spent with caretaker | 0.17 | 0.91 | |||
1–6 h | 17 (15.2) | 5 (17.2) | 12 (14.5) | ||
7–12 h | 30 (26.8) | 8 (27.6) | 22 (26.5) | ||
13 + hours | 65 (58.0) | 16 (55.2) | 49 (59.0) | ||
Ability to manage traveling and transportation by self | 8.42 | 0.006 | |||
No | 67 (16.0) | 15 (11.2) | 52 (18.3) | ||
Yes | 351 (84.0) | 119 (88.8) | 232 (81.7) | ||
Ability to manage finance by self | 27.51 | 0.012 | |||
No | 23 (5.5) | 4 (3.0) | 19 (6.7) | ||
Yes | 395 (94.5 | 130 (97.0) | 265 (93.3) |