Skip to main content

Table 3 Analysis of Multi-factors Affecting Maternal perceptions of Infant Hunger Cues

From: Comparison of mothers’ perceptions of hunger cues in 3-month-old infant under different feeding methods

the Independent Variable the Dependent Variables

Model A: based on the Number of Hungry Cues perceived by Mothers

 

Model B: Based on Hand-sucking

 

Model C: Based on Moving Head Frantically from Side to Side

 

Model D: Based on Crying

OR (95% CI)

 

OR (95% CI)

 

OR (95% CI)

 

OR (95% CI)

Infant’s Ethnicity (base: Han Nationality)

1.63(0.63–2.15)

 

0.77(0.42–1.40)

 

1.43(0.77–2.66)

 

1.25(0.64–2.41)

Infant’s Gender (base: boy)

0.68(0.42–1.10)

 

1.11(0.69–1.80)

 

0.91(0.55–1.51)

 

0.60(0.36–1.01)

Mother’s Age (base:≤24y)

       

25-35y

0.75(0.30–1.85)

 

0.81(0.33–1.99)

 

1.42(0.54–3.75)

 

0.55(0.19–1.59)

\(>\)35y

0.87(0.28–2.73)

 

0.55(0.18–1.72)

 

2.00(0.59–6.79)

 

0.61(0.17–2.24)

Mother’s Education Level (base: Completed Junior High School or Less)

      

Completed Senior High School or Technical Certificate

1.60(0.68–3.75)

 

2.76(1.17–6.50) *

 

0.74(0.28–1.92)

 

1.54(0.62–3.82)

Associate Degree

3.20(1.65–7.90) *

 

4.20(1.85–9.55) *

 

0.78(0.32–1.90)

 

1.35(0.59–3.12)

Bachelor Degree or Above

3.01(1.34–6.76) *

 

2.73(1.22–6.12) *

 

0.88(0.37–2.15)

 

1.71(0.73-4.00)

Family Structure (base: Nuclear Family)

       

Linear Family

1.83(1.10–3.07) *

 

0.83(0.50–1.40)

 

2.68(1.50–4.78) *

 

1.47(0.86–2.52)

Composite/Single-parent/Reconstituted family

0.98(0.34–2.88)

 

0.50(0.17–1.45)

 

2.82(0.93–8.57)

 

1.31(0.41–4.17)

One-child Status (base: No)

0.76(0.44–1.31)

 

0.96(0.55–1.67)

 

0.87(0.49–1.57)

 

0.85(0.47–1.51)

Feeding Patterns (base: FF group)

       

EBF group

1.70(1.01–2.85) *

 

1.72(1.04–2.87) *

 

2.07(1.19–3.62) *

 

0.53(0.30–0.93) *

Feeding Interval(hours) (base: ≤2 h)

       

3 h

1.23(0.70–2.20)

 

0.84(0.47–1.51)

 

1.79(0.95–3.36)

 

0.84(0.45–1.56)

≥4 h

1.54(0.70–3.44)

 

0.83(0.38–1.85)

 

1.77(0.75–4.16)

 

0.76(0.33–1.75)

Feeding Duration(minutes) (base: ≤10 min)

       

11-20 min

1.34(0.79–2.29)

 

0.94(0.55–1.60)

 

1.37(0.79–2.39)

 

0.92(0.53–1.60)

≥21 min

1.23(0.62–2.43)

 

0.53(0.27–1.04)

 

1.19(0.57–2.48)

 

1.47(0.69–3.17)

Mother Is the Primary Caregiver*Sleeping with Mother (base: Yes)

0.96(0.65–1.40)

 

1.07(0.73–1.55)

 

0.99(0.66–1.49)

 

1.23(0.73–2.05)

  1. The dependent variable were identified hunger cues (0="yes”, 1="no”) and the number of identified infant hunger cues, including overall(1="1”, 2="≥2”), Hand-sucking, Moving Head Frantically from Side to Side and Crying ,respectively (1="yes”, 0="no”). Independent variables included the gender (1="boy”, 2="girl”), infants’ ethnicity (1="Han Nationality”, 2="Minority Nationality”), mothers’ age (1="≤24”, 2="25–35”, 3="≥36”), mother’s education level (1="junior high school and below”, 2="senior high school or technical certificate”, 3="associate degree”, 4="bachelor degree or above”), family structure (1="nuclear family”, 2="linear family”, 3="composite/single-parent/reconstituted family”), one-child status(0="no”, 1="yes”), mother as the main caregiver (1="yes”, 2="no”)*infant sleeping with mother(1="yes”, 2="no”), feeding interval (1="≤2 hours”, 2="3 hours”), 3="≥4 hours”), feeding duration (1="≤10 minutes”, 2="11–20 minutes”, 3="≥21 minutes”), and feeding pattern (0="formula feeding”, 1="exclusive breastfeeding”)
  2. *p < 0.05
  3. a: Model goodness of fit: -2 Likelihood = 394.93, H-L test: χ2 = 4.55, p = 0.81
  4. b: Model goodness of fit: -2 Likelihood = 402.03, H-L test: χ2 = 5.38, p = 0.72
  5. c: Model goodness of fit: -2 Likelihood = 353.58, H-L test: χ2 = 11.28, p = 0.19
  6. d: Model goodness of fit: -2 Likelihood = 371.00, H-L test: χ2 = 8.18, p = 0.42
Back to article page

BMC Public Health

ISSN: 1471-2458

Contact us