Neighborhood deprivation, built environment, and overweight in adolescents in the city of Oslo

BMC Public Health

Table 2 Correlations of food and physical activity environment characteristics with neighborhood deprivation score in Oslo, Norway

Food environment	Neighborhood deprivation score¹
Food environment	r ²	r partial ³	r partial ⁴	r partial ⁵
- Availability of food outlets:
• Restaurants	0.168	0.146	0.294**	0.245*
• Grocery stores	0.023	-0.021	0.119	0.012
• Convenience stores	0.202*	0.205*	0.231*	0.249*
• Fast food restaurants	0.265**	0.244*	0.355***	0.304**
- Availability of food outlets:
• “Healthy” food outlets⁶	-0.169	0.128	0.279**	0.221*
• “Unhealthy” food outlets⁷	0.255*	0.233*	0.309**	0.287**
Physical activity environment	r ²	r partial ³	r partial ⁴	r partial ⁵
- Availability of physical activity resources:
• Green spaces	0.137	0.126	-0.019	0.117
• Green spaces⁸	-0.047	0.005	-0.096	0.043
• Indoor facilities	-0.074	-0.056	0.055	0.112
• Small outdoor facilities	0.068	0.123	0.020	0.157
• Large outdoor facilities	-0.056	-0.019	-0.060	0.040
• Public transportation stops⁹	-0.016	0.046	0.090	0.281**

¹Calculated based on low-education, unemployment and poverty percentages in each neighborhood (sub-district). ²r: Pearson’s correlation coefficient. ³r partial: partial correlation coefficient adjusted for population density (population per km²). ⁴r partial: partial correlation coefficient adjusted for ethnicity (minority ethnicity percentage). ⁵r partial: partial correlation coefficient adjusted for population density (population per km²) and ethnicity (minority ethnicity percentage). ⁶Merged restaurants + grocery stores, and adjusted for “unhealthy” food outlets. ⁷Merged convenience stores + fast food restaurants, and adjusted for “healthy” food outlets. ⁸Total area of green spaces. ⁹Number of public transportation stops including bus, train, tram, and metro. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001.

ISSN: 1471-2458