Individual and area-level socioeconomic correlates of hypertension prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control in uMgungundlovu, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa

Madela, SLM; Harriman, NW; Sewpaul, R; Mbewu, AD; Williams, DR; Sifunda, S; Manyaapelo, T; Nyembezi, A; Reddy, SP

doi:10.1186/s12889-023-15247-0

Table 3 Odds Ratios (OR) and Standard Errors (SE) for Hierarchical Logistic Regression Models for Hypertension Awareness (n = 3,240)

From: Individual and area-level socioeconomic correlates of hypertension prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control in uMgungundlovu, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa

Hypertension Awareness	Model 1: Age + Sex		Model 2: Model 1 + SES		Model 3a: Model 2 + Area Deprivation Quintile		Model 4a: Model 3a + BMI and DM Prevalence		Model 3b: Model 2 + Area Deprivation Change		Model 4b: Model 3b + BMI and DM Prevalence
Variables	OR	SE	OR	SE	OR	SE	OR	SE	OR	SE	OR	SE
Age
31–60	Ref		Ref		Ref		Ref		Ref		Ref
18–30	0.443 **	0.057	0.509 **	0.068	0.502 **	0.067	0.561 **	0.080	0.501 **	0.067	0.560 **	0.080
Over 60	2.967 **	0.287	2.525 **	0.261	2.533 **	0.263	2.460 **	0.267	2.564 **	0.265	2.485 **	0.270
Sex
Male	Ref		Ref		Ref		Ref		Ref		Ref
Female	2.667 **	0.238	2.626 **	0.237	2.557 **	0.232	2.220 **	0.219	2.585 **	0.234	2.233 **	0.220
Education
None			Ref		Ref		Ref		Ref		Ref
Some primary education			0.885	0.104	0.872	0.102	0.876	0.108	0.895	0.105	0.893	0.110
High school incomplete			0.730 *	0.095	0.722 *	0.094	0.646 **	0.090	0.737 *	0.097	0.658 **	0.092
High school complete			0.486 **	0.064	0.482 **	0.064	0.461 **	0.064	0.489 **	0.065	0.468 **	0.065
Tertiary			0.962	0.232	0.988	0.240	0.903	0.228	0.973	0.236	0.892	0.224
Employment Status
Unemployed			Ref		Ref		Ref		Ref		Ref
Employed			0.871	0.091	0.855	0.090	0.916	0.103	0.838	0.089	0.904	0.102
2011 Area Deprivation Quintile
Q2					Ref		Ref
Q3					1.422	0.509	1.541	0.606
Q4					0.833	0.291	0.984	0.376
Body Mass Index
Normal weight 18.5–24.9 kg/m2							Ref				Ref
Underweight < 18.5 kg/m2							0.631 **	0.096			0.636 **	0.096
Overweight 25–29.9 kg/m2							1.293 *	0.154			1.300 *	0.155
Obese > = 30 kg/m2							1.616 **	0.191			1.631 **	0.192
Diabetes
No current or previous diabetes diagnosis							Ref				Ref
Current or previous diabetes diagnosis							7.119 **	1.054			7.142 **	1.056
2001 to 2011 Area Deprivation Quintile Change
No change in quintile									Ref		Ref
Quintile worsened									1.593 **	0.223	1.369 *	0.206

^* p < 0.05
^** p < 0.01

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ISSN: 1471-2458

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