Individual and area-level socioeconomic correlates of hypertension prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control in uMgungundlovu, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa

Madela, SLM; Harriman, NW; Sewpaul, R; Mbewu, AD; Williams, DR; Sifunda, S; Manyaapelo, T; Nyembezi, A; Reddy, SP

doi:10.1186/s12889-023-15247-0

Table 2 Odds Ratios (OR) and Standard Errors (SE) for Hierarchical Logistic Regression Models for Hypertension Prevalence (n = 7,303)

From: Individual and area-level socioeconomic correlates of hypertension prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control in uMgungundlovu, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa

Hypertension Prevalence	Model 1: Age + Sex		Model 2: Model 1 + SES		Model 3a: Model 2 + Area Deprivation Quintile		Model 4a: Model 3a + BMI and DM Prevalence		Model 3b: Model 2 + Area Deprivation Change		Model 4b: Model 3b + BMI and DM Prevalence
Variables	OR	SE	OR	SE	OR	SE	OR	SE	OR	SE	OR	SE
Age
31–60	Ref		Ref		Ref		Ref		Ref		Ref
18–30	0.324 **	0.023	0.366 **	0.027	0.372 **	0.027	0.429 **	0.032	0.366 **	0.027	0.421 **	0.032
Over 60	4.869 **	0.328	4.021 **	0.288	3.997 **	0.287	3.563 **	0.269	4.023 **	0.289	3.585 **	0.270
Sex
Male	Ref		Ref		Ref		Ref		Ref		Ref
Female	1.111	0.064	1.083	0.064	1.092	0.064	0.946	0.060	1.082	0.064	0.942	0.059
Education
None			Ref		Ref		Ref		Ref		Ref
Some primary education			1.150	0.085	1.156	0.086	1.160	0.090	1.150	0.085	1.145	0.089
High school incomplete			0.778 **	0.060	0.777 **	0.060	0.766 **	0.062	0.779 **	0.060	0.763 **	0.062
High school complete			0.611 **	0.046	0.603 **	0.046	0.631 **	0.050	0.611 **	0.046	0.635 **	0.050
Tertiary			0.604 **	0.080	0.589 **	0.078	0.574 **	0.079	0.606 **	0.080	0.592 **	0.081
Employment Status
Unemployed			Ref		Ref		Ref		Ref		Ref
Employed			0.885	0.056	0.882 *	0.056	0.912	0.060	0.882 *	0.056	0.919	0.061
2011 Area Deprivation Quintile
Q2					Ref		Ref
Q3					1.818 **	0.353	1.863 **	0.387
Q4					2.014 **	0.375	2.252 **	0.444
Body Mass Index
Normal weight 18.5–24.9 kg/m2							Ref				Ref
Underweight < 18.5 kg/m2							0.898	0.086			0.896	0.086
Overweight 25–29.9 kg/m2							1.141	0.083			1.131	0.082
Obese > = 30 kg/m2							1.479 **	0.107			1.456 **	0.105
Diabetes
No current or previous diabetes diagnosis							Ref				Ref
Current or previous diabetes diagnosis							7.840 **	0.799			7.747 **	0.788
2001 to 2011 Area Deprivation Quintile Change
No change in quintile									Ref		Ref
Quintile worsened									1.038	0.082	0.942	0.078

^* p < 0.05
^** p < 0.01

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ISSN: 1471-2458

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