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Table 11 FMOLS, PCSE, FGLS, RE, and DFE results

From: The impact of food insecurity on health outcomes: empirical evidence from sub-Saharan African countries

Variables

FMOLS

PCSE

FGLS

RE

DFE

Dependent variable (LNLEXP)

Dependent variable (LNINFMOR)

Model 1A

Model 1B

Model 1A

Model 1B

Model 1A

Model 1B

Model 1C

Model 1D

PRUDN

0.0452*** (0.0005647)

-

-0.0024*** (0.0002788)

-

-0.0023*** (0.0000129)

-

0.0120*** (0.0009780)

-

AVRDES

-

0.0510*** (0.0013406)

-

0.0013*** (0.0003409)

-

0.0013*** (0.0000168)

-

-0.0177*** (0.0055162)

GDPPC

-0.00036*** (0.0000433)

0.00044*** (0.0000956)

0.0000089*** (0.0000008)

0.0000082*** (0.0000008)

0.0000089*** (0.0000001)

0.0000083*** (0.0000001)

0.000053*** (0.0000085)

0.000092* (0.0000491)

GOVEXP

0.2341*** (0.0068580)

-0.2476*** (0.0081426)

-0.0184*** (0.0033015)

-0.0176*** (0.0031635)

-0.0180*** (0.0002090)

-0.0172*** (0.0002151)

-0.0117 (0.0089028)

-0.1371** (0.0592705)

MNSCHOOL

0.6685*** (0.0076138)

-0.3046*** (0.0372598)

0.0175*** (0.0016869)

0.0200*** (0.0017382)

0.0175*** (0.0001854)

0.0200*** (0.0001456)

-0.2669*** (0.0108812)

-0.0427 (0.0821548)

URBAN

-0.00139*** (0.0001734)

0.0026*** (0.0003066)

-0.0014*** (0.0001823)

-0.0013*** (0.0001775)

-0.0014*** (0.0000421)

-0.0013*** (0.0000404)

0.0010* (0.0006106)

0.0020 (0.0040979)

_CONS

-

-

4.0639*** (0.0071382)

3.8493*** (0.0462690)

4.0625*** (0.0009768)

3.8502*** (0.0021131)

4.8416*** (0.0838447)

0.1843*** (0.0544606)

ECM

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-0.0352*** (0.0080052)

 

R2 = 0.71880.7188944

R2 = 0.4593

Wald chi2(5) = 1072.48

Prob > chi2 = 0.0000

R2 = 0.2165

Wald chi2(5) = 1019.33

Prob > chi2 = 0.0000

R2 = 0.1896

Waldchi2(5) = 52,866.78Prob > chi2 = 0.0000

Wald chi2(5) = 124,327.41Prob > chi2 = 0.0000

sigma_u = 0.3413

sigma_e = 0.1075

Wald chi2(5) = 1078.43

Prob > chi2 = 0.0000

 
  1. Source: Computed by the author using STATA 15
  2. AVRDES Average Dietary Energy Supply, DFE Dynamic Fixed Effect, ECM Error Correction Model, FGLS Feasible Generalised Least Squares, FMOLS Fully Modified Ordinary Least Square, LNINFMOR Natural Logarithm of Infant Mortality Rate, LNLEXP Natural Logarithm of Life Expectancy at Birth, PCSE Panel-Corrected Standard Error, PRUDN Prevalence of Undernourishment, RE Random Effect
  3. Standard errors in parentheses
  4. *** p < 0.01
  5. ** p < 0.05
  6. * p < 0.1