Table 1 Socio-demographic characteristics of participants by food security status, 2020–2021 NHIS Sample
Variables | Totala (n = 17,977) | High or marginal food security (n = 17,329) | Low food security (n = 430) | Very low food security (n = 218) | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age (years) | < 0.0001 | ||||
65–74 | 59.5 (10,166) | 59.1 (9712) | 69.8 (292) | 73.3 (162) | |
75–84 | 30.1 (5662) | 30.3 (5509) | 23.5 (105) | 23.0 (48) | |
≥ 85 | 10.4 (2149) | 10.6 (2108) | 6.7 (33) | 3.7 (8) | < 0.0001 |
Sex | < 0.0001 | ||||
Male | 45.1 (7627) | 45.4 (7411) | 35.4 (137) | 43.6 (79) | |
Female | 54.9 (10,350) | 54.6 (9918) | 64.6 (293) | 56.4 (139) | |
Race/ethnicity | < 0.0001 | ||||
Hispanic | 8.7 (1170) | 8.2 (1062) | 22.8 (84) | 12.6 (24) | |
NH-White | 76.0 (14,383) | 77.4 (14,047) | 38.8 (210) | 52.9 (126) | |
NH-Black | 9.1 (1535) | 8.4 (1387) | 25.0 (92) | 28.6 (56) | |
NH-Asian | 4.6 (590) | 4.5 (555) | 10.4 (28) | 4.2 (7) | |
Others | 1.6 (299) | 1.5 (278) | 3.0 (16) | 1.7 (5) | |
Marital status | < 0.0001 | ||||
Married | 57.9 (8218) | 58.7 (8051) | 41.4 (126) | 28.1 (41) | |
Unmarried | 7.7 (1602) | 7.5 (1519) | 13.9 (57) | 16.8 (26) | |
Widowed | 21.3 (4953) | 21.3 (4778) | 20.6 (107) | 26.3 (68) | |
Divorced/separated | 13.1 (3204) | 12.5 (2981) | 24.1 (140) | 28.8 (83) | |
Region | < 0.0001 | ||||
Northeast | 18.3 (3140) | 18.3 (3040) | 21.5 (77) | 10.9 (23) | |
Midwest | 21.0 (4018) | 21.2 (3916) | 12.9 (62) | 17.5 (40) | |
South | 39.0 (6588) | 38.7 (6300) | 42.8 (183) | 51.4 (105) | |
West | 21.7 (4231) | 21.8 (4073) | 22.8 (108) | 20.2 (50) | |
Education | < 0.0001 | ||||
≤ High school | 42.8 (6568) | 41.8 (6181) | 68.1 (270) | 62.6 (117) | |
Some college | 27.0 (5146) | 27.2 (4970) | 20.8 (108) | 23.4 (68) | |
≥ College | 30.2 (6263) | 31.0 (6178) | 11.1 (52) | 14.0 (33) | |
Employment | < 0.0001 | ||||
Yes | 18.4 (3185) | 18.7 (3116) | 13.8 (47) | 11.1 (22) | |
No | 81.6 (14,792) | 81.3 (14,213) | 86.2 (383) | 88.9 (196) | |
Federal poverty levelb | < 0.0001 | ||||
0.00–0.49 | 1.2 (207) | 1.1 (176) | 4.3 (21) | 3.4 (10) | |
0.50–0.99 | 6.3 (1153) | 5.5 (979) | 24.8 (112) | 25.8 (62) | |
1.00–1.99 | 20.3 (3648) | 19.2 (3353) | 44.6 (198) | 46.9 (97) | |
2.00–2.99 | 18.2 (3271) | 18.4 (3182) | 13.7 (56) | 16 (33) | |
≥ 3.00 | 54.1 (9698) | 55.9 (9639) | 12.7 (43) | 8 (16) | |
Health insurance | < 0.0001 | ||||
Yes | 98.9 (17,802) | 99.0 (17,176) | 95.3 (412) | 97.7 (214) | |
No | 1.1 (175) | 1.0 (153) | 4.7 (18) | 2.3 (4) | |
SNAP participation | < 0.0001 | ||||
Yes | 8.3 (1383) | 7.1 (1143) | 35.5 (157) | 39.3 (83) | |
No | 91.7 (16,594) | 92.9 (16,186) | 64.5 (273) | 60.7 (135) |