Table 4 Logistic regression estimates to predict the effect of food labels and parent’s perceptions on eating out frequency among the study participants

Background

Characters of the child

Gender

Female

1

-

-

Male

1.18(0.88–1.58)

-

-

Residence

Rural

1

-

-

Urban

1.03(0.77–1.38)

-

-

Per-capita Income (INR)

< 10,000

1

-

-

> 10,000

1.11(0.82–1.5)

-

-

Diet

Vegetarian

1

-

-

Non-veg

0.95(0.67–1.35)

-

-

Mixed

0.88(0.61–1.27)

-

-

Information sought from the Food labels

Expiry date

Always

-

1

1

Sometimes

-

0.81(0.38–1.72)

0.68(0.31–1.49)

Rarely

-

0.35(0.08–1.65)

0.42(0.09–1.99)

Never

-

0.92(0.65–1.28)

0.94(0.66–1.34)

Ingredients

Always

-

1

Sometimes

-

0.57(0.37–0.87)*

0.53(0.34–0.81) *

Rarely

-

0.67(0.34–1.33)

0.63(0.33–1.21)

Never

-

0.75(0.41–1.36)

0.65(0.35–1.21)

veg/non veg

Always

-

1

Sometimes

-

1.92(1.18–3.11)*

1.77(1.09–2.87) *

Rarely

-

0.8(0.31–2.01)

0.95(0.38–2.39)

Never

-

1.49(0.83–2.67)

1.35(0.74–2.44)

nutritional information

Always

-

1

Sometimes

-

1.37(0.87–2.14) *

1.5(1.2–2.34) *

Rarely

-

1.81(0.99–3.3) *

1.98(1.1–3.55) *

Never

-

0.96(0.56–1.63)

0.92(0.54–1.58)

FSSAI

Always

-

1

-

Sometimes

-

0.72(0.43–1.22)

-

Rarely

-

0.94(0.54–1.63)

-

Never

-

1.13(0.73–1.74)

-

Price

Always

-

1

1

Sometimes

-

0.93(0.6–1.45)

0.91(0.59–1.41)

Rarely

-

1.75(0.85–3.61)

2.07(1.01–4.22)*

Never

-

1.34(0.49–3.67)

1.49(1.1–4.06)*

Language of the food label

Always

-

1

Sometimes

-

0.46(0.12–1.79)

-

Rarely

-

1.03(0.35–3.07)

-

Never

-

1.26(0.44–3.64)

-

Readability of the food label

Always

-

1

Sometimes

-

0.94(0.25–3.52)

-

Rarely

-

0.64(0.19–2.15)

-

Never

-

0.45(0.13–1.55)

-

Meaning of the food label

Always

-

1

1

Sometimes

-

1.17(0.35–3.89)

0.45(0.2–0.99)*

Rarely

-

1.74(0.59–5.15)

0.61(0.31–1.23)

Never

-

1.52(0.5–4.61)

0.42(0.21–0.84)*

Nutritional information available on the label

Always

-

1

1

Sometimes

-

1.44(0.5–4.13)

1.5(0.96–2.34)*

Rarely

-

1.39(0.56–3.46)

1.98(1.1–3.55)*

Never

-

1.39(0.55–3.5)

0.92(0.54–1.58)

Meaning of each term

Always

-

1

-

Sometimes

-

0.42(0.17–1.17)

-

Rarely

-

0.65(0.26–1.6)

-

Never

-

0.47(0.09–1.14)

-

Affected by the food label

Always

-

1

-

Sometimes

-

0.82(0.47–1.44)

-

Rarely

-

0.78(0.43–1.42)

-

Never

-

0.88(0.55–1.4)

-

Change buying decision due to label

Always

-

1

1

Sometimes

-

1.71(0.85–3.46)

1.75(0.87–3.53)

Rarely

-

1.46(0.73–2.93)

1.76(0.91–3.42)

Never

-

1.23(0.67–2.25)

1.35(0.75–2.43)

Parental concerns about the tv ads

Timing of the ad

Not at all

-

-

1

A little

-

-

0.16(0.08–0.31)*

Somewhat

-

-

0.15(0.08–0.31)*

Very

-

-

0.21(0.11–0.43)*

Unhealthy ads at times when children watch TV

Not at all

-

-

1

A little

-

-

0.72(0.37–1.38)

Somewhat

-

-

0.45(0.23–0.85)*

Very

-

-

0.83(0.43–1.61)

TV ads not providing accurate information

Not at all

-

-

1

A little

-

-

1.18(0.69–2.02)

Somewhat

-

-

1.6(0.94–2.72)

Very

-

-

1.69(1.2–2.99)

Popular people as brand ambassadors

Not at all

-

-

1

A little

-

-

0.45(0.22–0.93)*

Somewhat

-

-

0.77(0.39–1.5)

Very

-

-

0.5(0.28–0.9)*

Alluring children with freebies

Not at all

-

-

1

A little

-

-

1.4(0.8–2.44)

Somewhat

-

-

1.18(0.61–2.26)

Very

-

-

1.7(0.94–3.08)

Amount of tv ads aired at prime time

Not at all

-

-

1

A little

-

-

1.34(0.74–2.43)

Somewhat

-

-

1.18(0.64–2.16)

Very

-

-

0.86(0.47–1.57)

Ads selective in focussing on healthy food part

Not at all

-

-

1

A little

-

-

0.74(0.42–1.29)

Somewhat

-

-

1.16(0.65–2.05)

Very

-

-

0.93(0.56–1.54)