Table 1 Infant mortality and preventable infant mortality rate per 1000 live births with 95% confidence interval (95% CI), according to contextual, maternal, and infant characteristics. Rio Grande do Sul state, 2017.
Variables | Number of live births | IMR (95% CI) | PIMR (95% CI) | ENMR (95% CI) | PENMR (95% CI) | LNMR (95% CI) | PLNMR (95% CI) | PNMR (95% CI) | PPNMR (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Total | 141,568 | 10.1 (9.5–10.6) | 7.9 (7.4–8.4) | 5.0 (4.7–5.4) | 4.1 (3.8–4.5) | 1.9 (1.7–2.2) | 1.5 (1.3–1.7) | 3.1 (2.8–3.4) | 2.3 (2.0–2.5) |
HDI of the health region (N = 30) | |||||||||
 High | 103,773 | 9.7 (9.1–10.3) | 7.6 (7.1–8.2) | 4.8 (4.4–5.2) | 3.9 (3.5–4.3) | 1.9 (1.6–2.1) | 1.4 (1.2–1.7) | 3.1 (2.7–3.4) | 2.3 (2.0–2.6) |
 Medium | 37,795 | 11.0 (10.0–12.1) | 8.6 (7.7–9.6) | 5.7 (5.0–6.5) | 4.8 (4.2–5.6) | 2.2 (1.7–2.7) | 1.5 (1.2–2.0) | 3.1 (2.7–3.8) | 2.2 (1.8–2.8) |
Characteristics of the municipality | |||||||||
 HDI (N = 497) | |||||||||
  Very High/High | 122,183 | 10.0 (9.5–10.6) | 7.9 (7.4–8.4) | 5.0 (4.6–5.4) | 4.1 (3.8–4.5) | 2.0 (1.7–2.2) | 1.5 (1.3–1.7) | 3.1 (2.8–3.4) | 2.3 (2.0–2.6) |
  Medium/Low | 19,316 | 10.0 (8.7–11.5) | 7.8 (6.6–9.1) | 5.2 (4.2–6.3) | 4.2 (3.3–5.2) | 1.7 (1.1–2.3) | 1.2 (0.8–1.8) | 3.2 (2.5–4.1) | 2.3 (1.7–3.1) |
 Gini Index (quartiles) (N = 497) | |||||||||
  1st quartile (lowest) | 11,893 | 9.4 (7.8–11.3) | 7.5 (6.0–9.2) | 5.0 (3.8–6.4) | 4.0 (3.0–5.3) | 1.6 (1.0–2.5) | 1.3 (0.7–2.1) | 2.9 (2.0–4.0) | 2.3 (1.5–3.3) |
  2nd | 29,619 | 10.3 (9.2–11.5) | 7.7 (6.7–8.8) | 5.3 (4.5–6.2) | 4.1 (3.4–4.9) | 2.0 (1.5–2.6) | 1.4 (1.0–1.9) | 3.0 (2.4–3.7) | 2.2 (1.7–2.8) |
  3rd | 36,977 | 9.6 (8.6–10.6) | 7.4 (6.6–8.3) | 5.1 (4.4–5.9) | 4.1 (3.5–4.8) | 1.6 (1.2–2.0) | 1.3 (1.0–1.7) | 2.9 (2.4–3.5) | 2.0 (1.6–2.5) |
  4th quartile (highest) | 63,032 | 10.3 (9.5–11.1) | 8.4 (7.7–9.1) | 4.9 (4.4–5.5) | 4.2 (3.7–4.7) | 2.2 (1.8–2.6) | 1.7 (1.4–2.0) | 3.2 (2.8–3.7) | 2.5 (2.1–2.9) |
Maternal characteristics | |||||||||
 Age (years) (N = 141,566) | |||||||||
   < 20 | 18,163 | 12.0 (10.5–13.7) | 10.1 (8.7–11.6) | 6.1 (5.0–7.3) | 5.3 (4.3–6.4) | 2.0 (1.4–2.7) | 1.6 (1.1–2.3) | 3.9 (3.0–4.9) | 3.2 (2.4–4.1) |
  20–29 | 65,589 | 9.9 (9.1–10.7) | 7.9 (7.2–8.6) | 5.1 (4.6–5.7) | 4.1 (3.6–4.6) | 1.9 (1.6–2.3) | 1.4 (1.1–1.7) | 3.0 (2.6–3.4) | 2.3 (1.9–2.7) |
  30–34 | 32,124 | 8.6 (7.6–9.7) | 6.6 (5.7–7.5) | 4.4 (3.7–5.2) | 3.5 (2.9–4.2) | 1.8 (1.4–2.3) | 1.5 (1.1–2.0) | 2.4 (1.9–3.0) | 1.6 (1.2–2.1) |
   ≥ 35 | 25,690 | 9.4 (8.2–10.6) | 6.7 (5.7–7.8) | 4.3 (3.5–5.1) | 3.4 (2.7–4.2) | 2.0 (1.5–2.6) | 1.3 (0.9–1.8) | 3.1 (2.5–3.9) | 2.0 (1.5–2.6) |
 Schooling (years) (N = 141,211) | |||||||||
  0–7 | 23,794 | 14.0 (12.5–15.6) | 10.8 (9.5–12.2) | 6.3 (5.3–7.4) | 5.0 (4.1–6.0) | 2.6 (2.0–3.3) | 1.9 (1.4–2.5) | 5.1 (4.2–6.1) | 3.9 (3.2–4.8) |
  8–11 | 82,760 | 9.5 (8.8–10.2) | 7.5 (6.9–8.1) | 5.0 (4.5–5.5) | 4.1 (3.7–4.5) | 1.8 (1.5–2.1) | 1.3 (1.1–1.6) | 2.8 (2.4–3.2) | 2.1 (1.8–2.4) |
   ≥ 12 | 34,657 | 7.1 (6.2–8.0) | 5.5 (4.8–6.3) | 3.6 (3.0–4.3) | 3.0 (2.4–3.6) | 1.6 (1.2–2.1) | 1.3 (0.9–1.7) | 2.0 (1.5–2.5) | 1.4 (1.0–1.9) |
 Living with a partner (N = 141,109) | |||||||||
  Yes | 67,789 | 8.7 (8.0–9.4) | 6.5 (5.9–7.1) | 4.2 (3.7–4.7) | 3.3 (2.9–3.8) | 2.0 (1.7–2.4) | 1.5 (1.2–1.8) | 2.5 (2.1–2.9) | 1.7 (1.4–2.0) |
  No | 73,320 | 10.4 (9.7–11.2) | 8.4 (7.7–9.1) | 5.3 (4.8–5.8) | 4.5 (4.0–5.0) | 1.8 (1.5–2.1) | 1.3 (1.0–1.6) | 3.3 (2.9–3.7) | 2.5 (2.1–2.9) |
 Skin color (N = 141,097) | |||||||||
  White | 117,223 | 10.0 (9.4–10.6) | 7.8 (7.3–8.3) | 5.0 (4.6–5.4) | 4.1 (3.7–4.5) | 1.9 (1.7–2.2) | 1.5 (1.3–1.7) | 3.1 (2.8–3.4) | 2.3 (2.0–2.6) |
  Mixed | 14,076 | 8.0 (6.6–9.6) | 6.6 (5.3–8.1) | 4.0 (3.0–5.2) | 3.6 (2.7–4.8) | 1.6 (1.0–2.4) | 1.1 (0.6–1.8) | 2.4 (1.7–3.4) | 1.9 (1.3–2.8) |
  Black | 9798 | 5.5 (4.1–7.2) | 4.5 (3.3–6.0) | 2.1 (1.3–3.3) | 1.8 (1.1–2.9) | 1.1 (0.6–2.0) | 0.9 (0.4–1.7) | 2.2 (1.4–3.4) | 1.7 (1.0–2.8) |
 No. antenatal care consultations (N = 141,356) | |||||||||
  0 | 2563 | 32.8 (26.2–40.4) | 29.7 (23.4–37.0) | 24.2 (18.6–30.9) | 22.6 (17.2–29.2) | 3.9 (1.9–7.2) | 3.5 (1.6–6.6) | 4.7 (2.4–8.2) | 3.5 (1.6–6.6) |
  1–3 | 6092 | 41.9 (37.0–47.0) | 36.8 (32.2–41.8) | 22.6 (19.1–26.7) | 20.2 (16.8–24.0) | 7.7 (5.7–10.2) | 7.4 (5.4–9.9) | 11.5 (9,0–14.5) | 9.2 (6.9–11.9) |
  4–6 | 24,462 | 18.8 (17.1–20.6) | 15.9 (14.4–17.5) | 9.9 (8.7–11.2) | 8.5 (7.4–9.7) | 3.9 (3.1–4.7) | 3.3 (2.6–4.1) | 4.9 (4.1–5.9) | 4.1 (3.3–5.0) |
   ≥ 7 | 108,239 | 5.1 (4.7–5.5) | 3.4 (3.1–3.8) | 2.1 (1.8–2.4) | 1.5 (1.3–1.7) | 1.0 (0.8–1.2) | 0.6 (0.5–0.8) | 1.9 (1.6–2.2) | 1.3 (1.1–1.5) |
 Type of delivery (N = 141,530) | |||||||||
  Vaginal | 52,551 | 11.0 (10.1–11.9) | 9.4 (8.8–10.0) | 6.2 (5.7–6.7) | 5.6 (5.2–6.1) | 1.7 (1.5–2.0) | 1.4 (1.2–1.6) | 3.1 (2.8–3.4) | 2.5 (2.2–2.8) |
  Caesarean | 88,979 | 8.9 (8.3–9.5) | 6.5 (6.0–7.0) | 4.1 (3.7–4.5) | 3.1 (2.7–3.5) | 2.0 (1.7–2.3) | 1.5 (1.2–1.8) | 2.9 (2.6–3.3) | 2.0 (1.7–2.3) |
Characteristics of the infant at birth | |||||||||
 Sex (N = 141,541) | |||||||||
  Male | 72,946 | 11.1 (10.4–11.9) | 8.7 (8.0–9.4) | 5.4 (4.9–6.0) | 4.3 (3.8–4.8) | 2.3 (2.0–2.7) | 1.8 (1.5–2.1) | 3.4 (3.0–3.8) | 2.6 (2.2–3.0) |
  Female | 68,615 | 8.9 (8.2–9.6) | 7.1 (6.5–7.7) | 4.6 (4.1–5.1) | 3.9 (3.4–4.4) | 1.6 (1.3–1.9) | 1.2 (0.9–1.5) | 2.8 (2.4–3.2) | 2.0 (1.7–2.4) |
 Gestational age (weeks) (N = 140,980) | |||||||||
   < 28 | 743 | 585.5 (549.1–621.2) | 574.7 (538.2–610.6) | 409.2 (373.5–445.5) | 401.1 (365.6–437.3) | 118.4 (96.1–143.9) | 118.4 (96.1–143.9) | 57.9 (42.2–77.2) | 55.2 (39.9–74.1) |
  28–31 | 1435 | 138.7 (121.2–157.6) | 115.0 (98.9–132.6) | 83.0 (69.2–98.4) | 63.4 (51.4–77.3) | 30.7 (22.4–40.9) | 29.3 (21.2–39-4) | 25.1 (7.6–34.6) | 22.3 (15.3–31.3) |
  32–36 | 14,421 | 17.5 (15.4–19.7) | 10.5 (8.9–12.3) | 8.4 (7.0–10.0) | 4.8 (3.7–6.0) | 3.3 (2.4–4.4) | 2.1 (1.4–3.0) | 5.8 (4.6–7.2) | 3.5 (2.6–4.6) |
   ≥ 37 | 124,381 | 3.9 (3.6–4.3) | 2.7 (2.4–3.0) | 1.2 (1.0–1.4) | 0.9 (0.7–1.1) | 0.7 (0.6–0.9) | 0.3 (0.2–0.4) | 2.0 (1.8–2.3) | 1.5 (1.3–1.7) |
 Low birth weight (<  2500 g) (N = 141,558) | |||||||||
  Yes | 13,279 | 72.0 (67.6–76.5) | 59.1 (55.2–63.3) | 43.1 (39.9–46.9) | 36.1 (33.0–39.4) | 14.3 (12.4–16.5) | 12.4 (10.6–14.4) | 14.6 (12.6–16.8) | 10.6 (8.9–12.5) |
  No | 128,279 | 3.6 (3.3–3.9) | 2.6 (2.3–2.9) | 1.1 (0.9–1.3) | 0.8 (0.6–1.0) | 0.6 (0.5–0.7) | 0.3 (0.2–0.4) | 1.9 (1.7–2.2) | 1.4 (1.2–1.6) |
 Type of pregnancy (N = 141,534) | |||||||||
  Single | 138,067 | 9.0 (8.5–9.5) | 6.9 (6.5–7.3) | 4.3 (4.0–4.7) | 3.5 (3.2–3.8) | 1.8 (1.6–2.0) | 1.3 (1.1–1.5) | 2.9 (2.6–3.2) | 2.1 (1.9–2.4) |
  Multiple | 3467 | 41.5 (35.1–48.7) | 38.1 (31.9–45.0) | 28.5 (23.3–34.6) | 27.1 (22.0–33.1) | 6.9 (4.4–10.3) | 6.3 (4.0–9.6) | 6.1 (3.7–9.2) | 4.6 (2.6–7.5) |