Table 2 Measurements and tools for data collection for the Eastern Cape African Diabetes Prevention Programme
Variable | Component | Measurements tools/questions |
|---|---|---|
Socio-demographic measures | Age, gender, area, community, current marital status, education level, occupation, income | |
Behavioural measures | Tobacco use | WHO STEPS questionnaire [15] |
Alcohol use | WHO STEPS questionnaire [15] | |
Sedentary behaviour | Time spent in front of a screen | |
Sleep | Time, quality | |
Psychological measures | Chronic stress | Chronic stress scale [14] |
Physical activity measures | Physical activity pattern | WHO STEPS questionnaire: global physical activity questionnaire (GPAQ) [15] |
Barriers to physical activity | Scale adapted from the one designed by Booth et al. [16] | |
Self-efficacy | Scale adapted from the exercise self-efficacy scale (ESES) designed by Schwarzer and Jerusalem [17] | |
Medical history | Family history of diabetes | |
Clinical measures | Waist circumference | Measured between the lower border of the lowest rib and upper border of the iliac crest/pelvic bone to the nearest 0.1 cm. |
Weight | Weight measurement with minimal clothing on a digital (SECA) scale, recorded to the nearest 0.1 kg | |
Height | Standing height, minimal clothing, aligning head in a standard anatomical position using a SECA stadiometer | |
SBP | Electronic M6 COMFORT OMRON device with an integrated cuff | |
DBP HbA1c | Electronic M6 COMFORT OMRON device with an integrated cuff HbA1c measured using fasting blood and HPLC | |
Neighbourhood indicators | Stores and facilities, Access to services and places, Roads and walking paths, places for walking/cycling/playing, Surroundings, Safety from crime and traffic, Personal safety, Stranger danger | Neighbourhood Environment Walkability Scale (NEWS) Africa Questionnaire [18] |