Table 1 Characteristics of participants by categories of COVID-19 infection related experience

People without history of COVID-19 or close contact^a

People with a history of COVID-19

People with a history of close contact^b

People whose acquaintance had been diagnosed^c

n = 17,394

n = 141

n = 138

n = 1378

Age, mean (SD)

48.1 (10.1)

44.0 (11.5)

46.0 (10.6)

48.0 (10.2)

Sex, men

9787 (56.3%)

77 (54.6%)

85 (61.6%)

778 (56.5%)

Education

 Junior high or high school

4722 (27.1%)

34 (24.1%)

22 (15.9%)

335 (24.3%)

 Vocational school or college

3988 (22.9%)

31 (22.0%)

37 (26.8%)

277 (20.1%)

 University or graduate school

8684 (49.9%)

76 (53.9%)

79 (57.2%)

766 (55.6%)

Marital status

 Married

9695 (55.7%)

89 (63.1%)

84 (60.9%)

842 (61.1%)

 Divorced or bereaved

1755 (10.1%)

13 (9.2%)

10 (7.2%)

156 (11.3%)

 Never married

5944 (34.2%)

39 (27.7%)

44 (31.9%)

380 (27.6%)

Equivalent income

 < 2.50 million JPY

3797 (21.8%)

27 (19.1%)

16 (11.6%)

196 (14.2%)

 2.50–3.74 million JPY

4360 (25.1%)

32 (22.7%)

30 (21.7%)

327 (23.7%)

 3.75–5.24 million JPY

4605 (26.5%)

37 (26.2%)

38 (27.5%)

373 (27.1%)

 ≥ 5.25 million JPY

4632 (26.6%)

45 (31.9%)

54 (39.1%)

482 (35.0%)

Job type

 Mainly desk work

8991 (51.7%)

65 (46.1%)

61 (44.2%)

725 (52.6%)

 Jobs mainly involving interpersonal communication

4206 (24.2%)

44 (31.2%)

44 (31.9%)

402 (29.2%)

 Mainly physical work

4197 (24.1%)

32 (22.7%)

33 (23.9%)

251 (18.2%)

Underlying disease, Yes

6074 (34.9%)

63 (44.7%)

60 (43.5%)

539 (39.1%)

Prefectures with the second state of emergency, Yes

7419 (42.7%)

75 (53.2%)

91 (65.9%)

743 (53.9%)